Regression Segmentation Clustering And Prediction Projects With Python
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REGRESSION, SEGMENTATION, CLUSTERING, AND PREDICTION PROJECTS WITH PYTHON
PROJECT 1: TIME-SERIES WEATHER: FORECASTING AND PREDICTION WITH PYTHON Weather data are described and quantified by the variables of Earth's atmosphere: temperature, air pressure, humidity, and the variations and interactions of these variables, and how they change over time. Different spatial scales are used to describe and predict weather on local, regional, and global levels. The dataset used in this project contains weather data for New Delhi, India. This data was taken out from wunderground. It contains various features such as temperature, pressure, humidity, rain, precipitation, etc. The main target is to develop a prediction model accurate enough for forecasting temperature and predicting target variable (condition). Time-series weather forecasting will be done using ARIMA models. The machine learning models used in this project to predict target variable (condition) are K-Nearest Neighbor, Random Forest, Naive Bayes, Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine, LGBM classifier, Gradient Boosting, XGB classifier, and MLP classifier. Finally, you will plot boundary decision, distribution of features, feature importance, cross validation score, and predicted values versus true values, confusion matrix, learning curve, performance of the model, scalability of the model, training loss, and training accuracy. PROJECT 2: HOUSE PRICE: ANALYSIS AND PREDICTION USING MACHINE LEARNING WITH PYTHON The dataset used in this project is taken from the second chapter of Aurélien Géron's recent book 'Hands-On Machine learning with Scikit-Learn and TensorFlow'. It serves as an excellent introduction to implementing machine learning algorithms because it requires rudimentary data cleaning, has an easily understandable list of variables and sits at an optimal size between being to toyish and too cumbersome. The data contains information from the 1990 California census. Although it may not help you with predicting current housing prices like the Zillow Zestimate dataset, it does provide an accessible introductory dataset for teaching people about the basics of machine learning. The data pertains to the houses found in a given California district and some summary stats about them based on the 1990 census data. Be warned the data aren't cleaned so there are some preprocessing steps required! The columns are as follows: longitude, latitude, housing_median_age, total_rooms, total_bedrooms, population, households, median_income, median_house_value, and ocean_proximity. The machine learning models used in this project used to perform regression on median_house_value and to predict it as target variable are K-Nearest Neighbor, Random Forest, Naive Bayes, Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine, LGBM classifier, Gradient Boosting, XGB classifier, and MLP classifier. Finally, you will plot boundary decision, distribution of features, feature importance, cross validation score, and predicted values versus true values, confusion matrix, learning curve, performance of the model, scalability of the model, training loss, and training accuracy. PROJECT 3: CUSTOMER PERSONALITY ANALYSIS AND PREDICTION USING MACHINE LEARNING WITH PYTHON Customer Personality Analysis is a detailed analysis of a company’s ideal customers. It helps a business to better understand its customers and makes it easier for them to modify products according to the specific needs, behaviors and concerns of different types of customers. Customer personality analysis helps a business to modify its product based on its target customers from different types of customer segments. For example, instead of spending money to market a new product to every customer in the company’s database, a company can analyze which customer segment is most likely to buy the product and then market the product only on that particular segment. Following are the features in the dataset: ID = Customer's unique identifier; Year_Birth = Customer's birth year; Education = Customer's education level; Marital_Status = Customer's marital status; Income = Customer's yearly household income; Kidhome = Number of children in customer's household; Teenhome = Number of teenagers in customer's household; Dt_Customer = Date of customer's enrollment with the company; Recency = Number of days since customer's last purchase; MntWines = Amount spent on wine in the last 2 years; MntFruits = Amount spent on fruits in the last 2 years; MntMeatProducts = Amount spent on meat in the last 2 years; MntFishProducts = Amount spent on fish in the last 2 years; MntSweetProducts = Amount spent on sweets in the last 2 years; MntGoldProds = Amount spent on gold in the last 2 years; NumDealsPurchases = Number of purchases made with a discount; NumWebPurchases = Number of purchases made through the company's web site; NumCatalogPurchases = Number of purchases made using a catalogue; NumStorePurchases = Number of purchases made directly in stores; NumWebVisitsMonth = Number of visits to company's web site in the last month; AcceptedCmp3 = 1 if customer accepted the offer in the 3rd campaign, 0 otherwise; AcceptedCmp4 = 1 if customer accepted the offer in the 4th campaign, 0 otherwise; AcceptedCmp5 = 1 if customer accepted the offer in the 5th campaign, 0 otherwise; AcceptedCmp1 = 1 if customer accepted the offer in the 1st campaign, 0 otherwise; AcceptedCmp2 = 1 if customer accepted the offer in the 2nd campaign, 0 otherwise; Response = 1 if customer accepted the offer in the last campaign, 0 otherwise; and Complain = 1 if customer complained in the last 2 years, 0 otherwise. The target in this project is to perform clustering and predicting to summarize customer segments. In this project, you will perform clustering using KMeans to get 4 clusters. The machine learning models used in this project to perform regression on total number of purchase and to predict clusters as target variable are K-Nearest Neighbor, Random Forest, Naive Bayes, Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine, LGBM, Gradient Boosting, XGB, and MLP. Finally, you will plot boundary decision, distribution of features, feature importance, cross validation score, and predicted values versus true values, confusion matrix, learning curve, performance of the model, scalability of the model, training loss, and training accuracy. PROJECT 4: CUSTOMER SEGMENTATION, CLUSTERING, AND PREDICTION WITH PYTHON In this project, you will develop a customer segmentation, clustering, and prediction to define marketing strategy. The sample dataset summarizes the usage behavior of about 9000 active credit card holders during the last 6 months. The file is at a customer level with 18 behavioral variables. Following is the Data Dictionary for Credit Card dataset: CUSTID: Identification of Credit Card holder (Categorical); BALANCE: Balance amount left in their account to make purchases; BALANCEFREQUENCY: How frequently the Balance is updated, score between 0 and 1 (1 = frequently updated, 0 = not frequently updated); PURCHASES: Amount of purchases made from account; ONEOFFPURCHASES: Maximum purchase amount done in one-go; INSTALLMENTSPURCHASES: Amount of purchase done in installment; CASHADVANCE: Cash in advance given by the user; PURCHASESFREQUENCY: How frequently the Purchases are being made, score between 0 and 1 (1 = frequently purchased, 0 = not frequently purchased); ONEOFFPURCHASESFREQUENCY: How frequently Purchases are happening in one-go (1 = frequently purchased, 0 = not frequently purchased); PURCHASESINSTALLMENTSFREQUENCY: How frequently purchases in installments are being done (1 = frequently done, 0 = not frequently done); CASHADVANCEFREQUENCY: How frequently the cash in advance being paid; CASHADVANCETRX: Number of Transactions made with "Cash in Advanced"; PURCHASESTRX: Number of purchase transactions made; CREDITLIMIT: Limit of Credit Card for user; PAYMENTS: Amount of Payment done by user; MINIMUM_PAYMENTS: Minimum amount of payments made by user; PRCFULLPAYMENT: Percent of full payment paid by user; and TENURE: Tenure of credit card service for user. In this project, you will perform clustering using KMeans to get 5 clusters. The machine learning models used in this project to perform regression on total number of purchase and to predict clusters as target variable are K-Nearest Neighbor, Random Forest, Naive Bayes, Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine, LGBM, Gradient Boosting, XGB, and MLP. Finally, you will plot boundary decision, distribution of features, feature importance, cross validation score, and predicted values versus true values, confusion matrix, learning curve, performance of the model, scalability of the model, training loss, and training accuracy.
CUSTOMER SEGMENTATION, CLUSTERING, AND PREDICTION WITH PYTHON
In this book, we conducted a customer segmentation, clustering, and prediction analysis using Python. We began by exploring the customer dataset, examining its structure and contents. The dataset contained various features such as demographic, behavioral, and transactional attributes. To ensure accurate analysis and modeling, we performed data preprocessing steps. This involved handling missing values, removing duplicates, and addressing any data quality issues that could impact the results. We also split the dataset into features (X) and the target variable (y) for prediction tasks. Since the dataset had features with different scales and units, we applied feature scaling techniques. This process standardized or normalized the data, ensuring that all features contributed equally to the analysis. We then performed regression analysis on the "PURCHASESTRX" feature, which represents the number of purchase transactions made by customers. To begin the regression analysis, we first prepared the dataset by handling missing values, removing duplicates, and addressing any data quality issues. We then split the dataset into features (X) and the target variable (y), with "PURCHASESTRX" being the target variable for regression. We selected appropriate regression algorithms for modeling, such as Linear Regression, Random Forest, Naïve Bayes, KNN, Decision Trees, Support Vector, Ada Boost, Catboost, Gradient Boosting, Extreme Gradient Boosting, Light Gradient Boosting, and Multi-Layer Perceptron regressors. After training and evaluation, we analyzed the performance of the regression models. We examined the metrics to determine how accurately the models predicted the number of purchase transactions made by customers. A lower MAE and RMSE indicated better predictive performance, while a higher R2 score indicated a higher proportion of variance explained by the model. Based on the analysis, we provided insights and recommendations. These could include identifying factors that significantly influence the number of purchase transactions, understanding customer behavior patterns, or suggesting strategies to increase customer engagement and transaction frequency. Next, we focused on customer segmentation using unsupervised machine learning techniques. K-means clustering algorithm was employed to group customers into distinct segments. The optimal number of clusters was determined using KElbowVisualizer. To gain insights into the clusters, we visualized them 3D space. Dimensionality PCA reduction technique wasused to plot the clusters on scatter plots or 3D plots, enabling us to understand their separations and distributions. We then interpreted the segments by analyzing their characteristics. This involved identifying the unique features that differentiated one segment from another. We also pinpointed the key attributes or behaviors that contributed most to the formation of each segment. In addition to segmentation, we performed clusters prediction tasks using supervised machine learning techniques. Algorithms such as Logistic Regression, Random Forest, Naïve Bayes, KNN, Decision Trees, Support Vector, Ada Boost, Gradient Boosting, Extreme Gradient Boosting, Light Gradient Boosting, and Multi-Layer Perceptron Classifiers were chosen based on the specific problem. The models were trained on the training dataset and evaluated using the test dataset. To evaluate the performance of the prediction models, various metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and ROC-AUC were utilized for classification tasks. Summarizing the findings and insights obtained from the analysis, we provided recommendations and actionable insights. These insights could be used for marketing strategies, product improvement, or customer retention initiatives.
DATA SCIENCE FOR SALES ANALYSIS, FORECASTING, CLUSTERING, AND PREDICTION WITH PYTHON
In this comprehensive data science project focusing on sales analysis, forecasting, clustering, and prediction with Python, we embarked on an enlightening journey of data exploration and analysis. Our primary objective was to gain valuable insights from the dataset and leverage the power of machine learning to make accurate predictions and informed decisions. We began by meticulously exploring the dataset, examining its structure, and identifying any missing or inconsistent data. By visualizing features' distributions and conducting statistical analyses, we gained a better understanding of the data's characteristics and potential challenges. The first key aspect of the project was weekly sales forecasting. We employed various machine learning regression models, including Linear Regression, Support Vector Regression, Random Forest Regression, Decision Tree Regression, Gradient Boosting Regression, Extreme Gradient Boosting Regression, Light Gradient Boosting Regression, KNN Regression, Catboost Regression, Naïve Bayes Regression, and Multi-Layer Perceptron Regression. These models enabled us to predict weekly sales based on relevant features, allowing us to uncover patterns and relationships between different factors and sales performance. To optimize the performance of our regression models, we employed grid search with cross-validation. This technique systematically explored hyperparameter combinations to find the optimal configuration, maximizing the models' accuracy and predictive capabilities. Moving on to data segmentation, we adopted the widely-used K-means clustering technique, an unsupervised learning method. The goal was to divide data into distinct segments. By determining the optimal number of clusters through grid search with cross-validation, we ensured that the clustering accurately captured the underlying patterns in the data. The next phase of the project focused on predicting the cluster of new customers using machine learning classifiers. We employed powerful classifiers such as Logistic Regression, K-Nearest Neighbors, Support Vector, Decision Trees, Random Forests, Gradient Boosting, Adaboost, Extreme Gradient Boosting, Light Gradient Boosting, and Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) to make accurate predictions. Grid search with cross-validation was again applied to fine-tune the classifiers' hyperparameters, enhancing their performance. Throughout the project, we emphasized the significance of feature scaling techniques, such as Min-Max scaling and Standardization. These preprocessing steps played a crucial role in ensuring that all features were on the same scale, contributing equally during model training, and improving the models' interpretability. Evaluation of our models was conducted using various metrics. For regression tasks, we utilized mean squared error, while classification tasks employed accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. The use of cross-validation helped validate the models' robustness, providing comprehensive assessments of their effectiveness. Visualization played a vital role in presenting our findings effectively. Utilizing libraries such as Matplotlib and Seaborn, we created informative visualizations that facilitated the communication of complex insights to stakeholders and decision-makers. Throughout the project, we followed an iterative approach, refining our strategies through data preprocessing, model training, and hyperparameter tuning. The grid search technique proved to be an invaluable tool in identifying the best parameter combinations, resulting in more accurate predictions and meaningful customer segmentation. In conclusion, this data science project demonstrated the power of machine learning techniques in sales analysis, forecasting, and customer segmentation. The insights and recommendations generated from the models can provide valuable guidance for businesses seeking to optimize sales strategies, target marketing efforts, and make data-driven decisions to achieve growth and success. The project showcases the importance of leveraging advanced analytical methods to unlock hidden patterns and unleash the full potential of data for business success.