Beschw Rung Dynastie

Wirtschaftliche Freiheit und Wachstum

A Companion to Ancient Near Eastern Languages

Covers the major languages, language families, and writing systems attested in the Ancient Near East Filled with enlightening chapters by noted experts in the field, this book introduces Ancient Near Eastern (ANE) languages and language families used during the time period of roughly 3200 BCE to the second century CE in the areas of Egypt, the Levant, eastern Anatolia, Mesopotamia, and Iran. In addition to providing grammatical sketches of the respective languages, the book focuses on socio-linguistic questions such as language contact, diglossia, the development of literary standard languages, and the development of diplomatic languages or “linguae francae.” It also addresses the interaction of Ancient Near Eastern languages with each other and their roles within the political and cultural systems of ANE societies. Presented in five parts, The Companion to Ancient Near Eastern Languages provides readers with in-depth chapter coverage of the writing systems of ANE, starting with their decipherment. It looks at the emergence of cuneiform writing; the development of Egyptian writing in the fourth and early third millennium BCI; and the emergence of alphabetic scripts. The book also covers many of the individual languages themselves, including Sumerian, Egyptian, Akkadian, Hittite, Pre- and Post-Exilic Hebrew, Phoenician, Ancient South Arabian, and more. Provides an overview of all major language families and writing systems used in the Ancient Near East during the time period from the beginning of writing (approximately 3200 BCE) to the second century CE (end of cuneiform writing) Addresses how the individual languages interacted with each other and how they functioned in the societies that used them Written by leading experts on the languages and topics The Companion to Ancient Near Eastern Languages is an ideal book for undergraduate students and scholars interested in Ancient Near Eastern cultures and languages or certain aspects of these languages.

Dynastie, Kaiseramt und Konfession

In der Regierungszeit Kaiser Ferdinands II. (1619-1637) bündelten sich die bestimmenden Auseinandersetzungen der Epoche um die wahre Religion, die politische Vorherrschaft in Europa und um die Verfassung des Heiligen Römischen Reiches zu einem großen Krieg, der 30 Jahre dauern sollte. Welchen politischen Prioritäten und Ordnungsvorstellungen Ferdinand II. als prominenter Akteur folgte, ist seit jeher umstritten. Die vorliegende Studie bietet eine neue Interpretation der Politik Ferdinands im Spannungsfeld von Dynastie, Kaiseramt und Konfession. Zu den nach wie vor kontroversen Themen zählen insbesondere das Persönlichkeitsprofil und der Politikstil des Kaisers, die Reichweite seiner verfassungs- und religionspolitischen Ambitionen im Reich, das Verhältnis zur spanischen Schwesterdynastie und ihrer Hegemonialpolitik sowie die Frage nach dem historischen Ort Ferdinands in der Geschichte des frühneuzeitlichen Kaisertums. Die Studie relativiert die gängigen Vorstellungen von Ferdinand II. als Repräsentanten einer auch im katholischen Lager exzentrischen Religionspolitik und als Kaiser außerhalb der Kontinuität des frühneuzeitlichen Kaisertums.