Volitional Inhibition The Gateway For An Efficient Control Of Voluntary Movements
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Volitional inhibition: the gateway for an efficient control of voluntary movements
Being able to suppress a pending action is a fundamental ability for surviving in an unpredictable World. Sudden events, such as the appearance of a physical obstacle, might require a quick change of the planned motor strategy. The first step toward this goal is to suppress the pre-programmed actions. Understanding the functional characteristics and the neural underpinnings of inhibition is a primary aim, both for the treatment of such diseases as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, where the decision-making abilities are severely impaired, and for the development of efficient brain–machine interfaces. Despite an incredible amount of work, witnessed by tens of articles published on Medline, both the localizations of the neural substrates of voluntary inhibition and their specific contributions to this executive function are still controversial. However, the ability of vetoing pending actions is likely to be at the basis of self control and of mental simulation of voluntary actions. In other words the veto power is a cornerstone of our will. As such the neural code underling volitional inhibition should be taken into account to feed appropriate signals into artificial devices to mimic voluntary movements. The aim of the present Research Topic is twofold. On the one hand it will show the most innovative aspects of the current researches on the neural substrates and functional mechanisms of volitional inhibition. On the other hand it will deal with the possible applications of the acquired knowledge for building up interfaces that could collect and decode incoming neural signals in order to move artificial limbs and/or to interact with personal computers.
The Circuitry of the Human Spinal Cord
Surveys the control of human spinal cord circuits, in normal movement and in disease states.
The Circuitry of the Human Spinal Cord
Author: Emmanuel Pierrot-Deseilligny
language: en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date: 2012-04-26
Studies of human movement have proliferated in recent years. This greatly expanded and thoroughly updated reference surveys the literature on the corticospinal control of spinal cord circuits in human subjects, showing how different circuits can be studied, their role in normal movement and how they malfunction in disease states. Chapters are highly illustrated and consistently organised, reviewing, for each pathway, the experimental background, methodology, organisation and control, role during motor tasks and changes in patients with CNS lesions. Each chapter concludes with a helpful résumé that can be used independently of the main text to provide practical guidance for clinical studies. The final four chapters bring together the changes in transmission in spinal and corticospinal pathways during movement and how they contribute to the desired movement. This book is essential reading for research workers and clinicians involved in the study, treatment and rehabilitation of movement disorders.