Semantic Information Modeling Methodology
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Semantic Information Modeling Methodology
This book describes a methodology for enabling interoperability of systems by modeling information such that it can be queried, stored and exchanged between systems in a system independent way. It is based on the use of formalized natural languages and provides guidance on the modeling of definitions, knowledge and requirements as well as modeling of individual products and processes.
Semantic Information Modeling in Formalized Languages
Semantic modeling in a formalized language provides a route towards the benefits of universal data exchange, data integration and interoperability of systems. Its application will also reduce the need for and cost of data conversions. Using a formal language enables expressing information and knowledge, including also possibilities, requirements and definitions in a system independent, unambiguous, human as well as computer interpretable way. The book describes Formal English and other members of the Gellish family of formalized languages. It also describes their formal taxonomic dictionaries and gives guidance on creating how high quality information models that can be read by any computer application that can interpret and operate on expressions in the formal language. The book also describes a Gellish expression format and syntax for storing and exchanging information and thus provides a method for the creation of universal semantic databases and for data communication in a common language.
Urban Informatics
This open access book is the first to systematically introduce the principles of urban informatics and its application to every aspect of the city that involves its functioning, control, management, and future planning. It introduces new models and tools being developed to understand and implement these technologies that enable cities to function more efficiently – to become ‘smart’ and ‘sustainable’. The smart city has quickly emerged as computers have become ever smaller to the point where they can be embedded into the very fabric of the city, as well as being central to new ways in which the population can communicate and act. When cities are wired in this way, they have the potential to become sentient and responsive, generating massive streams of ‘big’ data in real time as well as providing immense opportunities for extracting new forms of urban data through crowdsourcing. This book offers a comprehensive review of the methods that form the core of urban informatics from various kinds of urban remote sensing to new approaches to machine learning and statistical modelling. It provides a detailed technical introduction to the wide array of tools information scientists need to develop the key urban analytics that are fundamental to learning about the smart city, and it outlines ways in which these tools can be used to inform design and policy so that cities can become more efficient with a greater concern for environment and equity.