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Phenomena Beyond the Standard Model: What Do We Expect for New Physics to Look Like?
Author: Roman Pasechnik
language: en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date: 2020-09-03
This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Theory and Applications of the Poincaré Group
This book is intended mainly as a teaching tool directed toward those who desire a deeper understanding of group theory in terms of examples applicable to the physical world and/or of the physical world in terms of the symmetry properties which can best be formulated in terms of group theory. Both advanced students and scholars interested in the relationship between group theory and physics will find it instructive. In particular, those engaged in high-energy physics and foundations of quantum mechanics will find this book rich in illustrative examples of relativistic quantum mechanics. This new edition contains four new chapters, two of which are consistent with Dirac's aim to combine the important developments in physics in the twentieth century, namely quantum mechanics and special relativity. Moreover, these new chapters also discuss various aspects of classical and quantum optics that are now understood to be interrelated. Most of the original chapters have been updated, either with new material added or in some instances reinterpretation of the original. The order of the chapters has been rearranged to create a more cohesive presentation. The original purpose of the first edition, namely to present examples to which physics students and researchers can relate, has not been altered.
Looking Inside Jets
This concise primer reviews the latest developments in the field of jets. Jets are collinear sprays of hadrons produced in very high-energy collisions, e.g. at the LHC or at a future hadron collider. They are essential to and ubiquitous in experimental analyses, making their study crucial. At present LHC energies and beyond, massive particles around the electroweak scale are frequently produced with transverse momenta that are much larger than their mass, i.e., boosted. The decay products of such boosted massive objects tend to occupy only a relatively small and confined area of the detector and are observed as a single jet. Jets hence arise from many different sources and it is important to be able to distinguish the rare events with boosted resonances from the large backgrounds originating from Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). This requires familiarity with the internal properties of jets, such as their different radiation patterns, a field broadly known as jet substructure. This set of notes begins by providing a phenomenological motivation, explaining why the study of jets and their substructure is of particular importance for the current and future program of the LHC, followed by a brief but insightful introduction to QCD and to hadron-collider phenomenology. The next section introduces jets as complex objects constructed from a sequential recombination algorithm. In this context some experimental aspects are also reviewed. Since jet substructure calculations are multi-scale problems that call for all-order treatments (resummations), the bases of such calculations are discussed for simple jet quantities. With these QCD and jet physics ingredients in hand, readers can then dig into jet substructure itself. Accordingly, these notes first highlight the main concepts behind substructure techniques and introduce a list of the main jet substructure tools that have been used over the past decade. Analytic calculations are then provided for several families of tools, the goal being to identify their key characteristics. In closing, the book provides an overview of LHC searches and measurements where jet substructure techniques are used, reviews the main take-home messages, and outlines future perspectives.