Programming Logic And Techniques
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The Art of Prolog
This second edition contains revised chapters taking into account recent research advances. More advanced exercises have been included, and "Part II The Prolog Language" has been modified to be compatible with the new Prolog standard. This is a graduate level text that can be used for self-study.
Equational Logic as a Programming Language
This book describes an ongoing equational programming project that started in 1975. Within the project an equational programming language interpreter has been designed and implemented. The first part of the text (Chapters 1-10) provides a user's manual for the current implementation. The remaining sections cover the following topics: programming techniques and applications, theoretical foundations, implementation issues. Giving a brief account of the project's history (Chapter 11), the author devotes a large part of the text to techniques of equational programming at different levels of abstraction. Chapter 12 discusses low-level techniques including the distinction of constructors and defined functions, the formulation of conditional expressions and error and exception handling. High-level techniques are treated in Chapter 15 by discussing concurrency, nondeterminism, the relationship to dataflow programs and the transformation of recursive programs called dynamic programming. In Chapter 16 the author shows how to efficiently implement common data structures by equational programs. Modularity is discussed in Chapter 14. Several applications are also presented in the book. The author demonstrates the versatility of equational programming style by implementing syntactic manipulation algorithms (Chapter 13). Theoretical foundations are introduced in Chapter 17 (term rewriting systems, herein called term reduction systems). In Chapter 19 the author raises the question of a universal equational machine language and discusses the suitability of different variants of the combinator calculus for this purpose. Implementation issues are covered in Chapters 18 and 20 focused around algorithms for efficient pattern matching, sequencing and reduction. Aspects of design and coordination of the syntactic processors are presented as well.
Constraint Satisfaction in Logic Programming
This book tackles classic problems from operations research and circuit design using a logic programming language embedding consistency techniques, a paradigm emerging from artificial intelligence research. Van Hentenryck proposes a new approach to solving discrete combinatorial problems using these techniques.Logic programming serves as a convenient language for stating combinatorial problems, but its "generate and test" paradigm leads to inefficient programs. Van Hentenryck's approach preserves one of the most useful features of logic programming - the duality of its semantics - yet allows a short development time for the programs while preserving most of the efficiency of special purpose programs written in a procedural language.Embedding consistency techniques in logic programming allows for ease and flexibility of programming and short development time because constraint propagation and tree-search programming are abstracted away from the user. It also enables logic programs to be executed efficiently as consistency techniques permit an active use of constraints to remove combinations of values that cannot appear in a solution Van Hentenryck presents a comprehensive overview of this new approach from its theoretical foundations to its design and implementation, including applications to real life combinatorial problems.The ideas introduced in "Constraint Satisfaction in Logic Programming "have been used successfully to solve more than a dozen practical problems in operations research and circuit design, including disjunctive scheduling, warehouse location, cutting stock car sequencing, and microcode labeling problems.Pascal Van Hentenryck is a member of the research staff at the European Computer Industry Research Centre. "Constraint Satisfaction in Logic Programming" is based on research for the Centre's CHIP project. As an outgrowth of this project, a new language (CHIP) that will include consistency techniques has been developed for commercial use. The book is included in the Logic Programming series edited by Ehud Shapiro.