Optimization Driven Design And Operation Of Foundry Fabricated Silicon Photonics
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Optimization Driven Design and Operation of Foundry Fabricated Silicon Photonics
Motivated by growing capabilities to realize geometrically complex silicon (Si) devices and large scale photonic integrated circuits (PICs), this thesis explores the use of optimization algorithms for design and operation of Si photonics. Optimization procedures are implemented for designing and operating grating couplers, power splitters, and microring optical filters at telecommunication wavelengths. The devices reported in this thesis were fabricated in foundry Si photonics processes at A*STAR Institute of Microelectronics or CEA-Leti using deep ultra-violet lithography on 8" wafers. First, we present an optimization design procedure for bi-layer silicon nitride-on-silicon (SiN-on-Si) grating couplers (GCs). We designed the first SiN-on-Si GCs for the O-band in a new platform. Cross-wafer measurements showed a median peak coupling efficiency of -2.1 dB and a 1-dB bandwidth of 70.8 nm. We also present 3-layer SiN-SiN-Si one-dimensional polarization-independent grating couplers (PI-GCs) designed by optimization methods. The best-performing PI-GC had a peak coupling efficiency of -4.8 dB and a 1-dB polarization-dependent loss bandwidth of >100 nm, setting a record for PI-GCs. The higher than expected loss was likely due to fabrication imperfections in one of the SiN layers. Next, we report the first topology-optimized devices fabricated in a foundry process, a Si photonic 2x2 3-dB splitter within a 4.8 um x 4.8 um footprint. Despite not respecting design rules, the design with the smaller cells had lower insertion losses and broader bandwidth and showed consistent behavior across the wafer. However, results point towards the need to improve consistency between simulation the fabricated devices in future work. Finally, we demonstrate multi-variable tuning control that incorporates optimization algorithms to guide the tuning of multiple phase-shifters simultaneously. Multi-variable control becomes indispensable for PICs with a large (” 10) number of constituent devices by reducing the number of electrical inputs/outputs and simplifying packaging. Repeatable resonance alignment and wavelength tracking in a 5-ring optical filter and a programmable 2-ring Butterworth filter are demonstrated. An application to switch matrix tuning is also explored. Taken together, this thesis showcases how optimization methods can open up new directions for advancing the field of foundry fabricated Si photonics.
Silicon Photonics Bloom
The open access journal Micromachines invites manuscript submissions for the Special Issue “Silicon Photonics Bloom”. The past two decades have witnessed a tremendous growth of silicon photonics. Lab-scale research on simple passive component designs is now being expanded by on-chip hybrid systems architectures. With the recent injection of government and private funding, we are living the 1980s of the electronic industry, when the first merchant foundries were established. Soon, we will see more and more merchant foundries proposing well-established electronic design tools, product development kits, and mature component libraries. The open access journal Micromachines invites the submission of manuscripts in the developing area of silicon photonics. The goal of this Special Issue is to highlight the recent developments in this cutting-edge technology.]
Silicon Photonics for High-Performance Computing and Beyond
Silicon photonics is beginning to play an important role in driving innovations in communication and computation for an increasing number of applications, from health care and biomedical sensors to autonomous driving, datacenter networking, and security. In recent years, there has been a significant amount of effort in industry and academia to innovate, design, develop, analyze, optimize, and fabricate systems employing silicon photonics, shaping the future of not only Datacom and telecom technology but also high-performance computing and emerging computing paradigms, such as optical computing and artificial intelligence. Different from existing books in this area, Silicon Photonics for High-Performance Computing and Beyond presents a comprehensive overview of the current state-of-the-art technology and research achievements in applying silicon photonics for communication and computation. It focuses on various design, development, and integration challenges, reviews the latest advances spanning materials, devices, circuits, systems, and applications. Technical topics discussed in the book include: • Requirements and the latest advances in high-performance computing systems • Device- and system-level challenges and latest improvements to deploy silicon photonics in computing systems • Novel design solutions and design automation techniques for silicon photonic integrated circuits • Novel materials, devices, and photonic integrated circuits on silicon • Emerging computing technologies and applications based on silicon photonics Silicon Photonics for High-Performance Computing and Beyond presents a compilation of 19 outstanding contributions from academic and industry pioneers in the field. The selected contributions present insightful discussions and innovative approaches to understand current and future bottlenecks in high-performance computing systems and traditional computing platforms, and the promise of silicon photonics to address those challenges. It is ideal for researchers and engineers working in the photonics, electrical, and computer engineering industries as well as academic researchers and graduate students (M.S. and Ph.D.) in computer science and engineering, electronic and electrical engineering, applied physics, photonics, and optics.