New Research In Crime Modeling And Mapping Using Geospatial Technologies
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New Research in Crime Modeling and Mapping Using Geospatial Technologies
This edited volume offers innovative research and applications in the analysis, modelling, and mapping of crime using geospatial and GeoAI technologies. This is a follow-up publication of an edited volume by the same editor with a similar title, Crime Modeling and Mapping Using Geospatial Technologies, published by Springer in its popular Geotechnologies and the Environment series in 2013. The book comprises sixteen chapters authored by some of the most esteemed researchers in the field. These chapters are organized into four sections: big data and microspaces (Part I), mobility (Part II), drugs (Part III), and additional geospatial applications (Part IV). Part I includes five chapters focusing on interactive crime mapping by using large data sets obtained from social media and analyzing these data using AI applications; a fundamental spatial problem that considers spatial properties of a crime dataset to determine an adequate areal unit size; different aspects of the influence or prediction of crime in microspaces; and the use of sampled surface pollen to model the search space for documented forensic cases. Part II has four chapters that introduce two route generation heuristics that automate the creation of hot spots policing patrol routes; discuss how to optimize police response with two different maximal covering location problems; and examine how human mobility patterns impact crime trends and modelling. Part III consists of three chapters addressing opioid overdose patterns using a spatial mixed methods approach; spatial-temporal changes in hot spots of drug-related offences; and how geospatial technology can be used to empower stakeholders to make informed policy decisions about alcohol-related motor vehicle collisions. Part IV comprises four diverse chapters that do not fit under a single theme. The topics discussed include: the impact of video surveillance on the spatial distribution of crime; the identification of the location of missing persons outreach events with spatial clustering analysis methods; an examination of the distribution patterns of all types of juvenile delinquency to investigate underlying factors; and a review and comparison of GeoAI methods for detecting and mapping illegal logging. This book would be useful to faculty, students and research scholars from geography, sociology, criminal justice, criminology, forensic sciences, and other related disciplines as well as to crime analysts working for law enforcement agencies at the local, state, or federal levels from around the world.
Crime Modeling and Mapping Using Geospatial Technologies
Author: Michael Leitner
language: en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date: 2013-01-19
Recent years in North America have seen a rapid development in the area of crime analysis and mapping using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology. In 1996, the US National Institute of Justice (NIJ) established the crime mapping research center (CMRC), to promote research, evaluation, development, and dissemination of GIS technology. The long-term goal is to develop a fully functional Crime Analysis System (CAS) with standardized data collection and reporting mechanisms, tools for spatial and temporal analysis, visualization of data and much more. Among the drawbacks of current crime analysis systems is their lack of tools for spatial analysis. For this reason, spatial analysts should research which current analysis techniques (or variations of such techniques) that have been already successfully applied to other areas (e.g., epidemiology, location-allocation analysis, etc.) can also be employed to the spatial analysis of crime data. This book presents a few of those cases.
GIS and Crime Mapping
The growing potential of GIS for supporting policing and crime reduction is now being recognised by a broader community. GIS can be employed at different levels to support operational policing, tactical crime mapping, detection, and wider-ranging strategic analyses. With the use of GIS for crime mapping increasing, this book provides a definitive reference. GIS and Crime Mapping provides essential information and reference material to support readers in developing and implementing crime mapping. Relevant case studies help demonstrate the key principles, concepts and applications of crime mapping. This book combines the topics of theoretical principles, GIS, analytical techniques, data processing solutions, information sharing, problem-solving approaches, map design, and organisational structures for using crime mapping for policing and crime reduction. Delivered in an accessible style, topics are covered in a manner that underpins crime mapping use in the three broad areas of operations, tactics and strategy. Provides a complete start-to-finish coverage of crime mapping, including theory, scientific methodologies, analysis techniques and design principles. Includes a comprehensive presentation of crime mapping applications for operational, tactical and strategic purposes. Includes global case studies and examples to demonstrate good practice. Co-authored by Spencer Chainey, a leading researcher and consultant on GIS and crime mapping, and Jerry Ratcliffe, a renowned professor and former police officer. This book is essential reading for crime analysts and other professionals working in intelligence roles in law enforcement or crime reduction, at the local, regional and national government levels. It is also an excellent reference for undergraduate and Masters students taking courses in GIS, Geomatics, Crime Mapping, Crime Science, Criminal Justice and Criminology.