Nanosources And Manipulation Of Atoms Under High Fields And Temperatures Applications
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Nanosources and Manipulation of Atoms Under High Fields and Temperatures: Applications
Author: Vu Thien Binh
language: en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date: 2012-12-06
This volume contains the proceedings of the NATO-Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) "Manipulation of atoms under high fields and temperatures: Applications", sponsored by the NATO Scientific Affairs Division, Special Programme on Nanoscale Science. This ARW took place in Summer '92, in the pleasant surroundings of the Hotel des Thermes at Charbonnieres les Bains -Lyon, France. Gathering some fifty experts from different fields, the ARW provided an opportunity to review the basic principles and to highlight the progress made during the last few years on the nanosources and the interactions between atomic-scale probes and samples. The motivation is to use the novel properties attached to the atomic dimensions to develop nanoscale technologies. The perception of the atomic-scale world has greatly changed since the discovery and development, in the early 80's, of Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM) by Binnig and Rohrer. Beyond the observation of individual atoms, which is now routine, the concept of playing with atoms has become commonplace. This has lead to the fashioning of tools at the atomic scale, to the deposition, the displacement and the creation of atomic structures and also to the knowledge of interactions and contacts between atoms. Nanotips ending with a single atom are sources of ultra-fine charged beams. They can be unique tools for high resolution observations, for micro fabrications by micro-machining and deposition at a scale not previously attainable, with a working distance less stringent than with STM devices.
Atomic and Nanometer-Scale Modification of Materials
Author: P. Avouris
language: en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date: 2012-12-06
This volume contains the proceedings of the conference on "Atomic and Nanometer Scale Modification of Materials: Fundamentals and Applications" which was co-sponsored by NATO and the Engineering Foundation, and took place in Ventura, California in August 1992. The goal of the organizers was to bring together and facilitate the exchange of information and ideas between researchers involved in the development of techniques for nanometer-scale modification and manipulation. theorists investigating the fundamental mech anisms of the processes involved in modification, and scientists studying the properties and applications of nanostructures. About seventy scientists from all over the world participated in the conference. It has been more than 30 years since Richard Feynman wrote his prophetic article: ''There is Plenty of Room at the Bottom" (Science and Engineering, 23, 22, 1960). In it he predicted that some day we should be able to store bits of information in structures composed of only 100 atoms or so, and thus be able to write all the information accumulated in all the books in the world in a cube of material one two-hundredths of an inch high. He went on to say, "the prin ciples of physics, as far as I can see, do not speak against the possibility of maneuvering things atom by atom. " Since that time there has been significant progress towards the realization of Feynman's dreams.
Microcavities and Photonic Bandgaps: Physics and Applications
Author: J.G. Rarity
language: en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date: 2012-12-06
The control of optical modes in microcavities or in photonic bandgap (PBG) materials is coming of age! Although these ideas could have been developed some time ago, it is only recently that they have emerged, due to advances in both atomic physics and in fabrication techniques, be it on the high-quality dielectric mirrors required for high-finesse Fabry Perot resonators or in semiconductor multilayer deposition methods. Initially the principles of quantum electro-dynamics (QED) were demonstrated in elegant atomic physics experiments. Now solid-state implementations are being investigated, with several subtle differences from the atomic case such as those due to their continuum of electronic states or the near Boson nature of their elementary excitations, the exciton. Research into quantum optics brings us ever newer concepts with potential to improve system performance such as photon squeezing, quantum cryptography, reversible taps, photonic de Broglie waves and quantum computers. The possibility of implementing these ideas with solid-state systems gives us hope that some could indeed find their way to the market, demonstrating the continuing importance of basic research for applications, be it in a somewhat more focused way than in earlier times for funding.