Multimode Circuit Quantum Electrodynamics
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Multimode Circuit Quantum Electrodynamics
In this thesis, we examine an extension of circuit quantum electrodynamics (QED), cavity QED using superconducting circuits, that utilizes multimode cavities as a resource for quantum information processing. We focus on the issue of qubit connectivity in the processors, with an ideal processor having random access-the ability of arbitrary qubit pairs to interact directly. Here, we implement a random access superconducting quantum information processor, demonstrating universal operations on a nine-qubit memory, with a Josephson junction transmon circuit serving as the central processor. The quantum memory is a multimode cavity, using the eigenmodes of a linear array of coupled superconducting resonators. We selectively stimulate vacuum Rabi oscillations between the transmon and individual eigenmodes through parametric flux modulation of the transmon frequency. Utilizing these oscillations, we perform a universal set of quantum gates on 38 arbitrary pairs of modes and prepare multimode entangled states, all using only two control lines. We thus achieve hardware-efficient random access multi-qubit control. We also explore a novel design for creating long-lived 3D cavity memories compatible with this processor. Dubbed the "quantum flute", this design is monolithic, avoiding the loss suffered by cavities with a seam between multiple parts. We demonstrate the ability to manipulate the spectrum of a multimode cavity and also measure photon lifetimes of 0.5‒1.3 ms for 21 modes. The combination of long-lived quantum memories with random access makes for a promising architecture for quantum computing moving forward.
Symmetry in Quantum Optics Models
Prototypical quantum optics models, such as the Jaynes–Cummings, Rabi, Tavis–Cummings, and Dicke models, are commonly analyzed with diverse techniques, including analytical exact solutions, mean-field theory, exact diagonalization, and so on. Analysis of these systems strongly depends on their symmetries, ranging, e.g., from a U(1) group in the Jaynes–Cummings model to a Z2 symmetry in the full-fledged quantum Rabi model. In recent years, novel regimes of light–matter interactions, namely, the ultrastrong and deep-strong coupling regimes, have been attracting an increasing amount of interest. The quantum Rabi and Dicke models in these exotic regimes present new features, such as collapses and revivals of the population, bounces of photon-number wave packets, as well as the breakdown of the rotating-wave approximation. Symmetries also play an important role in these regimes and will additionally change depending on whether the few- or many-qubit systems considered have associated inhomogeneous or equal couplings to the bosonic mode. Moreover, there is a growing interest in proposing and carrying out quantum simulations of these models in quantum platforms such as trapped ions, superconducting circuits, and quantum photonics. In this Special Issue Reprint, we have gathered a series of articles related to symmetry in quantum optics models, including the quantum Rabi model and its symmetries, Floquet topological quantum states in optically driven semiconductors, the spin–boson model as a simulator of non-Markovian multiphoton Jaynes–Cummings models, parity-assisted generation of nonclassical states of light in circuit quantum electrodynamics, and quasiprobability distribution functions from fractional Fourier transforms.
Superconducting Radiofrequency Technology for Accelerators
Superconducting Radiofrequency Technology for Accelerators Single source reference enabling readers to understand and master state-of-the-art accelerator technology Superconducting Radiofrequency Technology for Accelerators provides a quick yet thorough overview of the key technologies for current and future accelerators, including those projected to enable breakthrough developments in materials science, nuclear and astrophysics, high energy physics, neutrino research and quantum computing. The work is divided into three sections. The first part provides a review of RF superconductivity basics, the second covers new techniques such as nitrogen doping, nitrogen infusion, oxide-free niobium, new surface treatments, and magnetic flux expulsion, high field Q slope, complemented by discussions of the physics of the improvements stemming from diagnostic techniques and surface analysis as well as from theory. The third part reviews the on-going applications of RF superconductivity in already operational facilities and those under construction such as light sources, proton accelerators, neutron and neutrino sources, ion accelerators, and crab cavity facilities. The third part discusses planned accelerator projects such as the International Linear Collider, the Future Circular Collider, the Chinese Electron Positron Collider, and the Proton Improvement Plan-III facility at Fermilab as well as exciting new developments in quantum computing using superconducting niobium cavities. Written by the leading expert in the field of radiofrequency superconductivity, Superconducting Radiofrequency Technology for Accelerators covers other sample topics such as: Fabrication and processing on Nb-based SRF structures, covering cavity fabrication, preparation, and a decade of progress in the field SRF physics, covering zero DC resistance, the Meissner effect, surface resistance and surface impedance in RF fields, and non-local response of supercurrent N-doping and residual resistance, covering trapped DC flux losses, hydride losses, and tunneling measurements Theories for anti-Q-slope, covering the Xiao theory, the Gurevich theory, non-equilibrium superconductivity, and two fluid model based on weak defects Superconducting Radiofrequency Technology for Accelerators is an essential reference for high energy physicists, power engineers, and electrical engineers who want to understand the latest developments of accelerator technology and be able to harness it to further research interest and practical applications.