Mitigating Land Degradation And Improving Livelihoods
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Mitigating Land Degradation and Improving Livelihoods
The research presented in this book demonstrates how an integrated ‘systems’ approach to farming in the watershed context increases the effectiveness of a production system and improves people’s livelihoods. It takes an integrated approach, using one watershed in Ethiopia as a ‘laboratory’ or model case study to focus on the interaction and interdependence between land, water, crops, soil, water harvesting, supplemental irrigation, forestry, socio-economic aspects, livestock and farm tools. A range of linked studies was conducted with active participation of the farming community and other relevant stakeholders, such as the local offices of agriculture and extension services. The starting point for the work was the premise that previous efforts to solve farming system constraints using a piecemeal approach or discipline-specific focus have not been successful. Thus, addressing agricultural and environmental constraints through a holistic approach enables the generation of comprehensive technologies to sustainably improve the natural resource base and livelihoods of communities. The authors discuss trade-offs and resource allocation, demonstrating how the environment can be protected while also improving productivity. A unique feature is the methodology developed for the selection of suitable fields and farmers to implement new approaches or improved technologies, to achieve production increases while reducing degradation of sensitive agro-ecosystems. It is also shown how the watershed scale is a valuable basis for assessing the protection of fragile lands.
An Assessment of Integrated Watershed Management in Ethiopia
Author: Gebregziabher, Gebrehaweria
language: en
Publisher: International Water Management Institute (IWMI).
Release Date: 2016-12-29
Sustainable participatory watershed management is an approach promoted by the Ethiopian government to restore natural resources and agricultural productivity across the country. This comparative study between six watershed programs shows that this approach increases farmers’ food security and incomes (around 50% on average), as well as their resilience to drought and other climate shocks. However, the study also confirms that the nature and scale of impact can vary significantly between watershed programs. The success of watershed management depends on multiple factors from the hydrological profile of the watershed to the local social and economic environment. Tailoring watershed interventions to the local context, associating conservation and livelihoods activities, and providing further financial and technical support to watershed committees are among the recommendations of this paper.
Biodiversity Conservation and Land Degradation Neutrality
This book highlights various issues related to biodiversity conservation and land degradation, and the global challenges faced in achieving land degradation neutrality. It then discusses the importance of ecosystem restoration as a pivotal strategy in solving these issues. Ecosystem diversity and its health directly influence land productivity and its range of ecosystem services. Achieving land degradation neutrality is crucial for restoring and reinforcing biodiversity's structure and function, which ultimately plays vital role in building climate resilience. To substantiate these ideas, this book presents practical case studies and exemplifies best practices in plant, animal and ecosystem conservation. It prominently highlights the intricate interplay of complex drivers behind land use, land use change, and land degradation. It also examines the direct consequences of land degradation on biodiversity and explore global efforts, frameworks, and strategies crucial for achieving land degradation neutrality. Furthermore, it integrates indigenous knowledge, policy framework and community engagement as instrumental components for achieving global targets related to sustainable land management. This book accentuates the significance of terrestrial ecosystems in achieving biodiversity goals outlined in SDG 15, Life on Land, through a multidisciplinary approach and contributions from academicians, policymakers, United Nations Organizations, and subject matter specialists. Thus, it is a resource for students, trainees, and researchers, providing them with knowledge and insights about significance of land degradation, land degradation neutrality, and biodiversity conservation.