Lessons In Integration
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Lessons in Integration
Author: Erica Frankenberg
language: en
Publisher: University of Virginia Press
Release Date: 2007-11-29
Segregation is deepening in American schools as courts terminate desegregation plans, residential segregation spreads, the proportion of whites in the population falls, and successful efforts to use choice for desegregation, such as magnet schools, are replaced by choice plans with no civil rights requirements. Based on the fruits of a collaboration between the Civil Rights Project at Harvard University and the Southern Poverty Law Center, the essays presented in Lessons in Integration: Realizing the Promise of Racial Diversity in American Schools analyze five decades of experience with desegregation efforts in order to discover the factors accounting for successful educational experiences in an integrated setting. Starting where much political activity and litigation, as well as most previous scholarship, leaves off, this collection addresses the question of what to do--and to avoid doing--once classrooms are integrated, in order to maximize the educational benefits of diversity for students from a wide array of backgrounds. Rooted in substantive evidence that desegregation is a positive educational and social force, that there were many successes as well as some failures in the desegregation movement, and that students in segregated schools, whether overwhelmingly minority or almost completely white, are disadvantaged on some important educational and social dimensions when compared to their peers in well-designed racially diverse schools, this collection builds on but also goes beyond previous research in taking account of increasing racial and ethnic diversity that distinguishes present-day American society from the one addressed by the Brown decision a half-century ago. In a society with more than 40 percent nonwhite students and thousands of suburban communities facing racial change, it is critical to learn the lessons of experience and research regarding the effective operation of racially diverse and inclusive schools. Lessons in Integration will make a significant contribution to knowledge about how to make integration work, and as such, it will have a positive effect on educational practice while providing much-needed assistance to increasingly beleaguered proponents of integrated public education.
One of the First
Author: Ralph Stokes
language: en
Publisher: Called Writers Christian Publishing
Release Date: 2021-07-05
Ralph Stokes has spent most of his life challenging racial discrimination and prejudice. His method has always been to overcome racism with personal, professional, and moral excellence, taking a loving but determined stance toward anyone who mistreated him due to the color of his skin. Over the years, Ralph’s story has been featured by The New York Times, The Washington Post, CNN, USAToday.com, The Atlanta Journal-Constitution, Golf Digest, ESPN Radio, AL.com, and many other media outlets. However, most of those media outlets only told one or two specific parts of Ralph’s story. A CNN documentary examined how—when Ralph was one of the top football recruits in the nation in 1970—Ralph’s mother stood eye to eye with the legendary coach Paul “Bear” Bryant and challenged him about past racism. The New York Times touched on Ralph’s tendency to become one of the first Black people to do various things, and described how Ralph uses that experience to inspire young minorities to do the same. The Washington Post described Ralph’s role in integrating The University of Alabama football team and winning favor for Black athletes in various ways before and after graduation. USAToday.com told the story of how Ralph dealt with prejudice when he became one of the first Black football players at Robert E. Lee High School in Montgomery, Alabama, after being forced to leave his beloved Booker T. Washington Yellow Jackets. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution examined what it was like for Ralph to be the only African American member at the prestigious Atlanta Country Club for 7 years, and why it was so important for Ralph to challenge segregation in the world of golf. AL.com briefly highlighted how Ralph stood up to racist policies at the University of Alabama during his time there as a football player. Now there is a book that tells the whole story. In One of the First, you’ll read detailed accounts of those parts of Ralph’s story, but you’ll also read how: ***Ralph grew up being inspired by other African American pioneers, with his dad owning a negro league baseball team and his family being founding members of the church pastored by noted civil rights leader Fred Gray ***Ralph developed a “father away from home” relationship with Paul “Bear” Bryant in spite of having to challenge discriminatory policies during his time at Alabama ***Ralph became the first Black football player at the University of Alabama to attend their business school, after initially being denied access and told it was “too hard” for him ***Ralph singlehandedly challenged a rule that said Black players could not join fraternities, in spite of the fact that white players could join fraternities at will ***Ralph almost singlehandedly integrated the professional sphere of the health insurance industry, taking on a role as the first Black marketing professional in the industry in spite of serious resistance, ultimately becoming an executive in the industry ***Ralph frequently encountered blatant racists in his career during the 70s and 80s, often facing off with them in corporate boardrooms, and winning them over through love and perseverance—including the president of a large lumber company who was a known racist and also widely reputed to be an Imperial Wizard for the KKK ***Ralph lived by the principle of personal responsibility, refusing to take on a victim mentality and never letting other people’s racism become an excuse for the results he got in life ***In a lifelong pursuit of his calling for racial integration, Ralph continues to do whatever he can to make strides to this day, recently being elected as the first-ever African American President of the Georgia State Golf Association Let Ralph’s story inspire you today! “Ralph Stokes has broken many barriers, from the world of football, to the business world, to the world of golf. Ralph consistently persevered through biases, blatant racism, and other challenges, paving the way for those who came after him.” — Sylvester Croom, First African American Head Football Coach in the SEC “One of the First reveals the truth that with commitment, perseverance, and faith, you can overcome any obstacle in life, including racism.” — Ozzie Newsome, NFL Hall of Fame Tight End and First African American General Manager in the NFL “With his new book, One of the First, Ralph has drawn out tremendous wisdom from his personal life, addressing some issues that are uncomfortable. He does not point fingers, but he does teach some very valuable lessons about racial issues and about persevering through challenges. A must read for everyone.” — Wendell Hudson, First African American Scholarship Athlete at The University of Alabama
European Dream and Reluctant Integration in the 21st Century
To avoid a repeat of those nationalist nightmares, a common European Dream emerged after WWII, which has since developed into some essential doctrines of European integration. This dream-inspired institutionalist context has framed intergovernmental bargaining, sectoral spillovers and transnational cooperation in European integration. The powerful European Dream has even encouraged Europeans toward closer integration, though they were, quite often, very reluctant to go further. This dream-driven approach and reluctant runner’s model have highlighted some fundamental realities of European integration, extremely inspiring for the future of the EU and the ongoing Asian regionalism. This book consists of three parts and thirteen chapters. It aims to explain European integration, the EU’s role in global governance and the EU’s impact upon Asian regionalism with the help of the European Dream approach and reluctant runners’ model. Trump’s unilateralism, the rising tensions between the US and PRC and the COVID-19 pandemic may be a turning point for world politics. Both globalization and global governance have consequently slowed down, giving place to regionalism and inter-regionalism. This book hopes to contribute to the rising debate over European integration, Asian regionalism and EU-Asian inter-regionalism.