Adaptive Parallel Multilevel Methods For Partial Differential Equations

Adaptive Parallel Multilevel Methods for Partial Differential Equations

Parallel Multilevel Methods

Numerical simulation promises new insight in science and engineering. In ad dition to the traditional ways to perform research in science, that is laboratory experiments and theoretical work, a third way is being established: numerical simulation. It is based on both mathematical models and experiments con ducted on a computer. The discipline of scientific computing combines all aspects of numerical simulation. The typical approach in scientific computing includes modelling, numerics and simulation, see Figure l. Quite a lot of phenomena in science and engineering can be modelled by partial differential equations (PDEs). In order to produce accurate results, complex models and high resolution simulations are needed. While it is easy to increase the precision of a simulation, the computational cost of doing so is often prohibitive. Highly efficient simulation methods are needed to overcome this problem. This includes three building blocks for computational efficiency, discretisation, solver and computer. Adaptive mesh refinement, high order and sparse grid methods lead to discretisations of partial differential equations with a low number of degrees of freedom. Multilevel iterative solvers decrease the amount of work per degree of freedom for the solution of discretised equation systems. Massively parallel computers increase the computational power available for a single simulation.

Meshfree Methods for Partial Differential Equations

Meshfree methods for the solution of partial differential equations gained much attention in recent years, not only in the engineering but also in the mathematics community. One of the reasons for this development is the fact that meshfree discretizations and particle models are often better suited to cope with geometric changes of the domain of interest, e.g. free surfaces and large deformations, than classical discretization techniques such as finite differences, finite elements or finite volumes. Another obvious advantage of meshfree discretizations is their independence of a mesh so that the costs of mesh generation are eliminated. Also, the treatment of time-dependent PDEs from a Lagrangian point of view and the coupling of particle models and continuous models gained enormous interest in recent years from a theoretical as well as from a practial point of view. This volume consists of articles which address the different meshfree methods (SPH, PUM, GFEM, EFGM, RKPM etc.) and their application in applied mathematics, physics and engineering.