White Matter Microstructure And Cortical Thickness In Individuals At Familial Risk For Affective Disorders And Schizophrenia
Download White Matter Microstructure And Cortical Thickness In Individuals At Familial Risk For Affective Disorders And Schizophrenia PDF/ePub or read online books in Mobi eBooks. Click Download or Read Online button to get White Matter Microstructure And Cortical Thickness In Individuals At Familial Risk For Affective Disorders And Schizophrenia book now. This website allows unlimited access to, at the time of writing, more than 1.5 million titles, including hundreds of thousands of titles in various foreign languages.
White Matter Microstructure And Cortical Thickness In Individuals At Familial Risk For Affective Disorders And Schizophrenia
Background and Aims: The analysis of neuroanatomical profile in the familial risk group is a highly informative approach to the study of endophenotype of the disease. The aim was to determine the brain structural characteristics in unaffected first degree relatives (FDR) of patients with affective disorders and schizophrenia.Methods: 13 young mentally healthy FDR of patients with affective disorders (F31-33) and 13 u2013 of patients with schizophrenia (F20) as well as two corresponding age and sex matched control groups (without family history of mental disorders) underwent structural MRI and diffusion weighted MRI at 3T Philips scanner. Surface-based morphometry and tractography methods using FreeSurfer 5.3.0 and TRACULA algorithms were applied to investigate cerebral cortex anatomy and white matter microstructure.Results: Neuroanatomical alterations have been found only in the relatives of patients with schizophrenia. The group was characterized by increased radial diffusion (anterior thalamic radiation and uncinate fascicles of both hemispheres; right superior longitudinal fascicle), decreased fractional anisotropy (right anterior thalamic radiation, uncinate fascicles of both hemispheres, temporal part of right superior longitudinal fascicle) and increased grey matter thickness in a medial part of the left superior frontal gyrus.Conclusions: The findings suggest that the familial high risk of schizophrenia might be associated with an altered trajectory of brain development. However whether it is pathological or compensatory processes remains to be elucidated via further longitudinal research.The work was supported by RFBR grant 17-06-00985.
Genomics, Circuits, and Pathways in Clinical Neuropsychiatry
This foundational work comprehensively examines the current state of the genetics, genomics and brain circuitry of psychiatric and neurological disorders. It consolidates discoveries of specific genes and genomic regions associated with these conditions, the genetic and anatomic architecture of these syndromes, and addresses how recent advances in genomics are leading to a reappraisal of the biology underlying clinical neuroscience. In doing so, it critically examines the promise and limitations of these discoveries toward treatment, and to the interdisciplinary nature of understanding brain and behavior. Coverage includes new discoveries regarding autism, epilepsy, intellectual disability, dementias, movement disorders, language impairment, disorders of attention, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder. Genomics, Circuits, and Pathways in Clinical Neuropsychiatry focuses on key concepts, challenges, findings, and methods in genetics, genomics, molecular pathways, brain circuitry, and related neurobiology of neurologic and psychiatric disorders. - Provides interdisciplinary appeal in psychiatry, neurology, neuroscience, and genetics - Identifies key concepts, methods, and findings - Includes coverage of multiple disorders from autism to schizophrenia - Reviews specific genes associated with disorders - Discusses the genetic architecture of these syndromes - Explains how recent findings are influencing the understanding of biology - Clarifies the promise of these findings for future treatment
The American Psychiatric Association Publishing Textbook of Personality Disorders
Author: Andrew E. Skodol
language: en
Publisher: American Psychiatric Pub
Release Date: 2021-03-31
The subject of personality -- what makes each of us unique and different from one another -- has long been a topic of universal fascination. From a medical perspective, research on personality disorders has expanded with the advent of standardized diagnostic systems. This continuing and increased activity and progress in the field spurred the development of this third edition of The American Psychiatric Association Publishing Textbook of Personality Disorders. With an emphasis on updating the information most relevant to clinicians, this new edition features contributions from established experts in the field as well as a new generation of scientists. Dozens of tables, illustrative figures, and real-life case examples summarize the vast data that continue to accumulate in five key areas: Clinical concepts, including theories of personality disorders, as well as their manifestations, assessment, and diagnosis. This opening section also describes the Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders in detail. Risk factors for, and the etiology and impact of, personality disorders. This section of the book examines data on prevalence, sociodemographics, and levels of functional impairment associated with personality disorders. It offers both a developmental and a genetic/neurobiological perspective and describes the symptomatic and functional outcomes of personality disorders. Treatment options across therapeutic modalities. A new, cutting-edge chapter argues for the early identification of borderline psychopathology in children and young adolescents, in an effort to prevent full-blown disorder later in life. Additional chapters delve into an array of individual psychotherapies, pharmacotherapeutic options, and group, family, and couples therapies. Guidance on forming and maintaining a therapeutic alliance and on avoiding boundary violations in treating patients with personality disorders is provided. Special problems, populations, and settings, including suicide, substance use disorders, antisocial behavior, personality pathology in general medical settings, and personality disorders among active-duty military. The usefulness of translational research to deepen understanding of the biopsychosocial nature of the personality disorders, particularly borderline personality disorder. This comprehensive textbook is an essential resource for clinicians looking to stay on the vanguard of a rapidly growing field.