What Is The Name Of Erik Erikson S Development Theory
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The Stages of Psychosocial Development According to Erik H. Erikson
Scientific Essay from the year 2005 in the subject Psychology - Developmental Psychology, grade: 1,0, University of Kassel, language: English, abstract: Erik H. Erikson (1902 – 1994) is without a doubt one of the most outstanding psychoanalysts of the last century. The native Dane and later US-American further developed the psychosocial aspects and the developmental phases of adulthood in Sigmund Freud’s stage theory. It is Erikson’s basic assumption that in the course of a lifetime, the human being goes through eight developmental phases, which are laid out in an internal development plan. On each level, it is required to solve the relevant crisis, embodied by the integration of opposite poles presenting the development tasks, the successful handling of which is in turn of importance for the following phases. The term crisis does not have a negative connotation for Erikson, but rather is seen as a state, which through constructive resolution leads to further development, which is being integrated and internalized into the own self-image. "Each (component) comes to its ascendance, meets its crisis, and finds its lasting solution (...) toward the end of the stages mentioned. All of them exist in the beginning in some form." Hence, the human development is a process alternating between levels, crises, and the new balance in order to reach increasingly mature stages. In detail, Erikson studied the possibilities of an individual’s advancement and the affective powers that allow it to act. This becomes particularly obvious in the eight psychosocial phases, which now should be the focus of this paper. This demonstrates that Erikson did see development as above all: a lifelong process.
Identity and the Life Cycle
Author: Erik H. Erikson
language: en
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
Release Date: 1994-04-17
Erik H. Erikson's remarkable insights into the relationship of life history and history began with observations on a central stage of life: identity development in adolescence. This book collects three early papers that—along with Childhood and Society—many consider the best introduction to Erikson's theories. "Ego Development and Historical Change" is a selection of extensive notes in which Erikson first undertook to relate to each other observations on groups studied on field trips and on children studied longitudinally and clinically. These notes are representative of the source material used for Childhood and Society. "Growth and Crises of the Health Personality" takes Erikson beyond adolescence, into the critical stages of the whole life cycle. In the third and last essay, Erikson deals with "The Problem of Ego Identity" successively from biographical, clinical, and social points of view—all dimensions later pursued separately in his work.
Childhood And Society
With this deeply influential book, which is now internationally recognised as a classic study of childhood and its social significance, Professor Erikson has made an outstanding contribution to the study of human behaviour. Drawing on psychoanalytical theory and his own clinical experience, he devotes the main chapters to anxiety in young children, apathy in American Indians, confusion in veterans of war, and arrogance in young Nazis.