Understanding Social Signals How Do We Recognize The Intentions Of Others
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Understanding Social Signals: How Do We Recognize the Intentions of Others?
Powerful and economic sensors such as high definition cameras and corresponding recognition software have become readily available, e.g. for face and motion recognition. However, designing user interfaces for robots, phones and computers that facilitate a seamless, intuitive, and apparently effortless communication as between humans is still highly challenging. This has shifted the focus from developing ever faster and higher resolution sensors to interpreting available sensor data for understanding social signals and recognising users' intentions. Psychologists, Ethnologists, Linguists and Sociologists have investigated social behaviour in human-human interaction. But their findings are rarely applied in the human-robot interaction domain. Instead, robot designers tend to rely on either proof-of-concept or machine learning based methods. In proving the concept, developers effectively demonstrate that users are able to adapt to robots deployed in the public space. Typically, an initial period of collecting human-robot interaction data is used for identifying frequently occurring problems. These are then addressed by adjusting the interaction policies on the basis of the collected data. However, the updated policies are strongly biased by the initial design of the robot and might not reflect natural, spontaneous user behaviour. In the machine learning approach, learning algorithms are used for finding a mapping between the sensor data space and a hypothesised or estimated set of intentions. However, this brute-force approach ignores the possibility that some signals or modalities are superfluous or even disruptive in intention recognition. Furthermore, this method is very sensitive to peculiarities of the training data. In sum, both methods cannot reliably support natural interaction as they crucially depend on an accurate model of human intention recognition. Therefore, approaches to social robotics from engineers and computer scientists urgently have to be informed by studies of intention recognition in natural human-human communication. Combining the investigation of natural human behaviour and the design of computer and robot interfaces can significantly improve the usability of modern technology. For example, robots will be easier to use by a broad public if they can interpret the social signals that users spontaneously produce for conveying their intentions anyway. By correctly identifying and even anticipating the user's intention, the user will perceive that the system truly understands her/his needs. Vice versa, if a robot produces socially appropriate signals, it will be easier for its users to understand the robot's intentions. Furthermore, studying natural behaviour as a basis for controlling robots and other devices results in greater robustness, responsiveness and approachability. Thus, we welcome submissions that (a) investigate how relevant social signals can be identified in human behaviour, (b) investigate the meaning of social signals in a specific context or task, (c) identify the minimal set of intentions for describing a context or task, (d) demonstrate how insights from the analysis of social behaviour can improve a robot's capabilities, or (e) demonstrate how a robot can make itself more understandable to the user by producing more human-like social signals.
Emotional Intelligence for Students, Parents, Teachers and School Leaders
This book heightens readers’ awareness of the importance of emotional intelligence and how it impacts our lives. It inspires parents, teachers and school leaders to learn more about emotional intelligence as a process of self-improvement, relational skills, and to help our students to develop emotional intelligence from an early stage of their lives. There are four parts in the book. Part 1 explains the importance of emotional intelligence in every aspect of our lives. It presents models and theories of emotional intelligence and explains how our emotions control our mind, body and spirit. Part 2 gives insights into how emotions play a significant role in our relationships with others. Part 3 takes the reader from family to the workplace and highlights the importance of becoming more aware of our emotions at work and how we relate to others. Part 4 emphasises the importance of helping our students to develop essential emotional intelligence to face this increasingly complex and challenging world.
How to Teach Toddlers Social Intelligence Skills
Adults need social intelligence, but toddlers need it more. Toddlers need social intelligence more because they are still in their early stage of development and so they have an effective form of learning and character advancement. Babies start developing social intelligence from the moment they are born. By the time they are 18 months, they begin to have a more pronounced ability to understand social cues, thoughts, and intentions of other people. Social intelligence is just as important as any other skill you may want to inculcate in your child. Humans are social beings by nature and so whether as children or adults, we need to interact with other people. Children especially, need to have the ability to understand other people's intentions, motivations, and desires. They need to know how to interpret body language, tone of voice, facial expressions, and gestures. If you want to raise a socially intelligent child, the key is to teach them these skills at a very young age. This book has provided comprehensive yet direct strategies for teaching toddlers social intelligence without stress. Following the laid out strategies, your toddler can easily understand the rules of socializing, know how to interact better with their peers and form positive relationships. You don’t have to deal with a defiant child anymore or in the future. They are also more likely to succeed in their personal and professional relationship when they grow older.