Ttv
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TT Viruses
Author: Ethel-Michele de Villiers
language: en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date: 2008-11-27
Eleven years ago the circular DNA of a novel single-stranded virus has been cloned and partially characterized by Nishizawa and Okamoto and their colleagues. According to the initials of the patient from whom the isolate originated, the virus was named TT virus. This name has been subsequently changed by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) into Torque teno virus, permitting the further use of the abbreviation TTV. Although initially suspected to play a role in non A –E hepatitis, subsequent studies failed to support this notion. Within a remarkably short period of time it became clear that TT viruses are widely spread globally, infect a large proportion of all human populations studied thus far and represent an extremely heterogeneous group of viruses, now labelled as Anelloviruses. TT virus-like infections have also been noted in various animal species. The classification of this virus group turns out to be difficult, their DNA contains between 2200 and 3800 nucleotides, related so-called TT-mini-viruses and a substantial proportion of intragenomic recombinants further complicate attempts to combine these viruses into a unifying phylogenetic concept.
Translational Virology in Pregnancy
Author: Kristina M. Adams Waldorf
language: en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date: 2023-01-05
Viral pandemics, such as influenza A virus H1N1, Zika virus, and most recently SARS-CoV-2 are becoming more common. Depending on the virus, infection during pregnancy may impart risk for more severe maternal disease, preterm birth, preeclampsia, stillbirth or congenital anomalies. The maternal, placental and fetal immune response is essential for viral clearance. However, viral evasion of host immunity may lead to persistent viremia, placental infection and vertical transmission. There is an urgent need to understand the impact of a wide array of viruses on maternal-fetal immunity, maternal health, pregnancy outcomes and fetal development.
Clinical Virology
Author: Douglas D. Richman
language: en
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology Press
Release Date: 2009-01-01
Informs scientists and health care professionals about all the medically relevant aspects of this rapidly evolving field. • Covers novel viruses, pathogenesis, epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. • Addresses infections and syndromes related to particular organ systems, as well as the fundamentals of modern medical virology. • Includes crucial information on immune responses and vaccinology, diagnostics, antivirals, and the nascent field of gene therapy. • Provides agent-specific chapters that detail the virology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and prevention and treatment of important viral pathogens.