Trends And Perspectives For The Use Of Crop Wild Relatives In Crop Breeding
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Trends and Perspectives for the Use of Crop Wild Relatives in Crop Breeding
Crop Wild Relatives (CWRs) are a key asset for agrobiodiversity, sustainable agriculture and food security overall. CRWs might contain genes for useful traits such as nutritional quality, resistance to pests and diseases, resource efficiency, and adaptability to extreme weather conditions. Their inherent genetic diversity together with the associated diversity of microbiota is a vast resource for developing more productive, nutritious, and resilient crop varieties and for diversifying farming systems. Despite their value, a wide range of CWRs are threatened and face pressures, e.g., from intensive agriculture, urbanization, pollution, and the effects of climate change. At the same time, their conservation and deployment in breeding remain still scarce. As a consequence, knowledge is lacking about the diversity that exists and precisely how that diversity may be used for crop improvement and in farming.
Crop Wild Relative Conservation and Use
Crop wild relatives (CWR) are species closely related to crop plants which can contribute beneficial traits such as pest or disease resistance and yield improvement. Through an examination of national, regional and global context of CWR, this text presents methodologies and case studies that provide recommendations for global conservation and use.
Crop Wild Relatives
Crop wild relatives (CWR) are plant species which are more or less closely related to crops. They are a vital resource by providing a pool of genetic variation that can be used in breeding new and better adapted varieties of crops that are resistant to stress, disease, drought and other factors. They will be increasingly important in allowing crops to adapt to the impacts of climate, thus safeguarding future agricultural production. Until recently, the main conservation strategy adopted for CWR has been ex situ - through the maintenance of samples as seed or vegetative material in various kinds of genebank or other facilities. Now the need to conserve CWR in their natural surroundings (in situ) is increasingly recognized. Recent research co-ordinated by Bioversity International has produced a wealth of information on good practices and lessons learned for their effective conservation. This book captures the important practical experiences of countries participating in this work and describes them for the wider conservation community. It includes case studies and examples from Armenia, Bolivia, Madagascar, Sri Lanka and Uzbekistan, which are important centres of diversity for crop wild relatives, and covers four geographical regions - the Caucasus, South America, Africa and the Asia-Pacific Region. It provides practical, relevant information and guidance for the scaling-up of actions targeting CWR conservation around the world.