The Physiology Of Exercise In Spinal Cord Injury
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The Physiology of Exercise in Spinal Cord Injury
Every year, around the world, between 250,000 and 500,000 people suffer a spinal cord injury (SCI). Those with an SCI are two to five times more likely to die prematurely than people without a spinal cord injury, with worse survival rates in low- and middle-income countries. Dynamic aerobic requires integrated physiologic responses across the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, autonomic, pulmonary, thermoregulatory, and immunologic systems. Moreover, regular aerobic exercise beneficially impacts these same systems, reducing the risk for a range of diseases and maladies. This book will present comprehensive information on the unique physiologic effects of SCI and the potential role of exercise in treating and mitigating these effects. In addition, it will incorporate work from scientists across a number of disciplines and have contributors at multiple levels of investigation and across physiologic systems. Furthermore, SCI can be considered an accelerated form of aging due to the severely restricted physical inactivity imposed, usually at an early age. Therefore, the information presented may have a broader importance to the physiology of aging as it relates to inactivity. Lastly, the need for certain levels of regular aerobic exercise to engender adaptations beneficial to health is not altered by the burden of an SCI. Indeed, the amounts of exercise necessary may be even greater than the able-bodied due to ‘passive’ ambulation. This book will also address the potential health benefits for those with an SCI that can be realized if a sufficient exercise stimulus is provided.
Clinical Exercise Physiology
Clinical Exercise Physiology, Second Edition, provides a comprehensive look at the clinical aspects of exercise physiology by thoroughly examining the relationship between exercise and chronic disease. Updated and revised, this second edition reflects important changes that have occurred in the field since the first edition was published. It will provide professionals and students with fundamental knowledge of disease-specific pathology and treatment guidelines while also guiding readers through the clinical exercise physiology associated with exercise testing and training of patients with a chronic disease. The second edition of Clinical Exercise Physiologybuilds on information presented in the previous edition with reorganized chapters, updated and revised content, and the latest information on the key practice areas of clinical exercise physiology: endocrinology, the metabolic system, the cardiovascular system, the respiratory system, oncology, the immune system, bone and joint health, and the neuromuscular system. This second edition also features an online ancillary package, allowing instructors to more effectively convey the concepts presented in the text and prepare students for careers in the field. Clinical Exercise Physiology, Second Edition, is easy to navigate--the logical order of the chapters makes key information easy to find. The detailed chapters discuss 23 disease states and conditions that clinical exercise physiologists encounter in their work and provide guidance for the expert care of the populations discussed. Each chapter covers the scope of the condition; its physiology and pathophysiology and treatment options; clinical considerations, including the administration of a graded exercise test; and exercise prescription. The text also details how clinical exercise physiologists can most effectively address issues facing special populations, including children, the elderly, and female athletes. This comprehensive resource is an asset to new and veteran clinical exercise physiologists as well as those preparing for the ACSM Registry Examination. A must-have study tool for examination candidates, this text is on the suggested readings lists for both the Exercise Specialist and Registered Exercise Physiology exams. The text specifically addresses the knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs) listed by the ACSM for each of these certifications. Clinical Exercise Physiology, Second Edition, is the definitive resource on the use of exercise training for the prevention and treatment of clinical diseases and disorders. It includes the following features: -Revised and updated content reflects the recent changes in exercise testing and training principles and practices. -Four new chapters on depression and exercise, metabolic syndrome, cerebral palsy, and stroke are evidence of how the field has evolved in considering patients with more widely diagnosed diseases and conditions. -A new text-specific Web site containing a test package and PowerPoint presentation package helps instructors present the material from the book. -Case studies provide real-world examples of how to use the information in practice. -Discussion questions that highlight important concepts appear throughout the text to encourage critical thinking. -Practical application boxes offer tips on maintaining a professional environment for client-clinician interaction, a literature review, and a summary of the key components of prescribing exercise. Clinical Exercise Physiology, Second Edition, is the most up-to-date resource for professionals looking to enhance their knowledge on emerging topics and applications in the field. It is also a valuable text for students studying for the ACSM Registry Examination.
Locomotor Training
Physical rehabilitation for walking recovery after spinal cord injury is undergoing a paradigm shift. Therapy historically has focused on compensation for sensorimotor deficits after SCI using wheelchairs and bracing to achieve mobility. With locomotor training, the aim is to promote recovery via activation of the neuromuscular system below the level of the lesion. What basic scientists have shown us as the potential of the nervous system for plasticity, to learn, even after injury is being translated into a rehabilitation strategy by taking advantage of the intrinsic biology of the central nervous system. While spinal cord injury from basic and clinical perspectives was the gateway for developing locomotor training, its application has been extended to other populations with neurologic dysfunction resulting in loss of walking or walking disability.