The Management Of Common Property Natural Resources
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Community, Commons and Natural Resource Management in Asia
Managing the commons—natural resources held in common by particular communities—is a complex challenge. How have Asian societies handled resources of this sort in the face of increasing marketization and quickly growing demand for resources? And how have resource management regimes changed over time, with state formation, modernization, development, and globalization? Community, Commons and Natural Resource Management in Asia brings clarity, detail, and historical understanding to these questions across a variety of Asian societies and ecological settings. Case studies drawn from Japan, Korea, Thailand, India, and Bhutan examine fisheries, forests, and other environmental resources held in common. There is a tendency to imagine that traditional communities had socially equitable and environmentally friendly systems for managing the commons, but natural resources in Asia were often under free-access regimes. Resource management developed in response to social and economic pressures, and the state has been at various times both a beneficial and a negative influence on the development of community-level systems of managing the commons. The chapters in this volume show that a simple modernist framework cannot adequately capture this process, and the institutional changes it involved.
The Management of Common Property Natural Resources
Author: Daniel W. Bromley
language: en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date: 1989
This popular technical paper is currently in its sixth reprinting (10/97). Many development projects require that people be involuntarily resettled to other locations to live and work. Governments need adequate policies to minimize the negative effects of this relocation both on the individuals involved and on the national economy. This report presents policy guidelines and procedures for World Bank-financed projects requiring involuntary resettlement. Designed for development specialists, social anthropologists, and sociologists, this volume discusses past Bank projects to illuminate the responsibilities of the governments and the needs of resettlers and host populations during resettlement. Among the topics addressed are types of involuntary resettlement; basic sociological principles in approaching resettlement; policy objectives and strategies; reconstruction of the resettlers' homes, production bases, and social organizations; and the effects of resettlement on the environment. Annexes to this report contain technical checklists for preparing and appraising resettlement plans in projects and for monitoring and evaluating rettlement. Michael M. Cernea has published and editied several books on the sociological aspects of development. Among these books is Putting People First: Sociological Variables in Rural Development , which describes culturally sensitive approaches to the preparation, planning, and implementation of development projects. Other books include Social Organization and Development Anthropology; Social Assessments for Better Development: Case Studies in Russia and Central Asia ; and Urban Environment and Population Relocation .
Property Rights and Natural Resources
Author: Richard Barnes
language: en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date: 2009-04-22
Winner of the SLS Peter Birks Prize for Outstanding Legal Scholarship 2009. The use of private property rights to regulate natural resources is a controversial topic because it touches upon two critical issues: the allocation of wealth in society and the conservation and management of limited resources. This book explores the extension of private property rights and market mechanisms to natural resources in international areas from a legal perspective. It uses marine fisheries to illustrate the issues that can arise in the design of regulatory regimes for natural resources. If property rights are used to regulate natural resources then it is essential that we understand how the law and values embedded within legal systems shape the development and operation of property rights in practice. The author constructs a version of property that articulates both the private and public function of property. This restores some much needed balance to property discourse. He also assesses the impact of international law on the use of property rights-a much neglected topic-and shows how different legal and socio-political values that inhere in different legal regimes fundamentally shape the construction of property rights. Despite the many claimed benefits to be had from the use of private property rights-based management systems, the author warns against an uncritical acceptance of this approach and, in particular, questions whether private property rights are the most suitable and effective arrangement of regulating of natural resources. He suggests that much more complex forms of holding, such as stewardship, may be required to meet physical, legal and moral imperatives associated with natural resources.