The History Of Coding
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The History Of Coding
The history of coding is long and complex, but some key milestones include: The invention of the first mechanical computers in the 19th century, which were used to perform complex calculations. The development of the first programming languages in the 1950s, such as FORTRAN and LISP, which made it easier for humans to write instructions for computers. The invention of the first computer mouse in the 1960s, which greatly improved the ease of using graphical user interfaces. The development of the personal computer in the 1970s and 1980s, which made computing accessible to the masses. The widespread adoption of the Internet in the 1990s, which greatly expanded the reach of computers and made it possible for people to communicate and share information across the globe.
The History of Code Breaking
Author: Nigel Cawthorne
language: en
Publisher: The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc
Release Date: 2017-12-15
This intriguing and revelatory history of cryptology ranges from the early days of code-making and code-breaking in ancient Egypt, Sparta, and Rome to the present day when it has slipped beyond the tight control of governments and now affects all our lives whenever we use our cell phones or connect to the internet. Subjects covered here include Mary Queen of Scots' cryptic messages when she was plotting against her cousin Elizabeth I; the codes used by George Washington for military and political purposes; and code-breaking during World Wars I and II, including the Enigma Machine. Those who invent codes and those who break them are fascinating characters. This is their story.
A History of Modern Computing, second edition
From the first digital computer to the dot-com crash—a story of individuals, institutions, and the forces that led to a series of dramatic transformations. This engaging history covers modern computing from the development of the first electronic digital computer through the dot-com crash. The author concentrates on five key moments of transition: the transformation of the computer in the late 1940s from a specialized scientific instrument to a commercial product; the emergence of small systems in the late 1960s; the beginning of personal computing in the 1970s; the spread of networking after 1985; and, in a chapter written for this edition, the period 1995-2001. The new material focuses on the Microsoft antitrust suit, the rise and fall of the dot-coms, and the advent of open source software, particularly Linux. Within the chronological narrative, the book traces several overlapping threads: the evolution of the computer's internal design; the effect of economic trends and the Cold War; the long-term role of IBM as a player and as a target for upstart entrepreneurs; the growth of software from a hidden element to a major character in the story of computing; and the recurring issue of the place of information and computing in a democratic society. The focus is on the United States (though Europe and Japan enter the story at crucial points), on computing per se rather than on applications such as artificial intelligence, and on systems that were sold commercially and installed in quantities.