The Effects Of Automation On Team Performance And Team Coordination
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The Effects of Automation on Team Performance and Team Coordination
The advancement of technology has led to an increased use of automation in a number of work domains, including team environments. However, assessment of the effects of automation on teamwork has been primarily limited to the aviation domain (comparing early conventional aircraft models with more advanced aircraft cockpits) and studies have produced conflicting information regarding the impact of automation on team performance, communication, and coordination. To more fully understand the implications of automation on system performance, researchers have begun to develop taxonomies and models of automation so that specific forms of automation can be defined and evaluated. A model proposed by Parasuraman et al. (2000) considers automation as it is applied to stages of information processing, including information acquisition, information analysis, decision selection, and action implementation. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of automation as applied to these different stages of information processing on the performance and coordination of teams in a complex decision making task. A simulated Theatre Defense Task in which teams protect a home base from enemy attack was used as a test-bed for this evaluation. Two team members were required to work together to share information in order to successfully complete the task. One team member monitored incoming aircraft on a radarscope and used missiles to shoot down enemy aircraft. A second team member monitored information provided by reconnaissance aircraft to classify the incoming aircraft as enemy or friendly. Four automation conditions were designed that compared different degrees of information acquisition, information analysis, and decision selection automation. Two levels of difficulty, determined by the number of aircraft presented, were used in the experiment. Dependent measures for the experiment included team effectiveness, quantity of team communication, team coordination ratings by outs.
The Effects of Automation on Team Performance and Team Coordination
Keywords: automation, human-automation interaction, team coordination, teams, levels of automation.
Human Performance in Automated and Autonomous Systems
This book is devoted to the examination of emerging practical issues related to automated and autonomous systems. The book highlights the significance of these emergent technologies that determine the course of our daily lives. Each unique chapter highlights human factors and engineering concerns across real-world applications, including matters related to aviation and healthcare, human-robot interaction, transportation systems, cybersecurity and cyber defense. This book also depicts the boundaries that separate humans from machine as we continue to become ever more immersed in and symbiotic with these fast-emerging technologies. Automation, across many occupations, has transitioned the human to a role of monitoring machines, presenting challenges related to vigilance and workload. This book identifies the importance of an approach to automated technology that emphasizes the "human user" at the center of the design process. Features Provides perspectives on the role of the individual and teams in complex technical systems such as aviation, healthcare, and medicine Presents the development of highly autonomous systems related to human safety and performance Examines solutions to human factors challenges presented by modern threats to data privacy and cybersecurity Discusses human perceptual and cognitive capabilities underwriting to the design of automated and autonomous systems • Provides in-depth, expert reviews of context-related developments in automation and human-robot teaming Human Performance in Automated and Autonomous Systems: Emerging Issues and Practical Perspectives applies scientific theory directly to real-world systems where automation and autonomous technology is implemented.