The Deepest Geothermal Well Drilling In Indonesia
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State of the Art in Deep Geothermal Energy in Europe
Since nearly 50 % of Europe's energy demand is in the heating and cooling sector, it is expected that geothermal energy will play an important role in the transition to a decarbonized energy system. However, deep geothermal energy is currently harvested mainly from areas with very favorable geothermal conditions. As these areas are geographically limited, the use of geothermal energy in less favorable regions is essential for unleashing the full potential of geothermal energy, since they make up the majority of the total geothermal potential in Central Europe. Motivated by the growing interest in deep geothermal energy among, e.g., energy companies and communities, this text reviews the state of the art in deep geothermal energy with focus on direct heating in geothermally less favorable regions. It provides an overview of technologies used to generate heat from the deep underground and discusses main technical and non-technical risks associated with deep geothermal projects. The text addresses readers with an interest in geothermal energy but does not require a background in geoscience or engineering sciences. It is suitable as textbook for Geothermal Energy courses for undergraduate students from different disciplines.
Carbon Free
It’s now or never. The goal of achieving global climate neutrality is essential for ecological, economic and social reasons and requires immediate and decisive action from politicians and society. Carbon Free summarizes the building blocks we need to successfully manage the energy transition. Replete with international examples, the book’s first part explores the transformation of the energy markets, necessary accompanying redistributions, the often neglected issue of global population development, but also the ethical and political framework conditions under which the energy transition should take place. Part II deals with sector-specific topics including renewable energies, heat pumps, geothermal energy and solar thermal energy. Levelized costs of energy in the context of innovation promotion and the financing method of project financing are presented. The chapters in this part discuss implementation of strategic energy partnerships and how to shape future regulatory steps. The book’s third part then goes on to discuss the available toolbox, with contributions on the technical and economic perspectives of green hydrogen, grid infrastructures, digitalization as well as the circular economy. This book will benefit both scholars and practitioners with its unique overview of the elements that need to be taken into account in order for the energy transition to succeed.
Unlocking Indonesia's Geothermal Potential
Geothermal energy represents one of the key options for Indonesia to achieve a comprehensive approach to national energy development. The rapid increase in fossil-fuel based energy consumption, which is subject to volatility in the world oil market, is the main challenge facing the country's energy supply. This study documents key issues that have constrained the development of geothermal power in Indonesia, including tariffs, tendering processes, financial considerations, permitting, and interagency coordination. It also makes recommendations to unlock the potential of the sector, including a new tariff regime, improvements to the tendering process, renegotiation of power purchase agreements, and innovative modes of financing.