The Circus A Visual History
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The Oxford Illustrated History of Italy
From the Roman Empire to the present day, this is the story of Italy. Until just over a century ago, Italy did not exist as a political unit, yet it was both the heart of the Christian Church and the seedbed for the extraordinary cultural flowering that was the Renaissance. In the middle ages, the merchants of Florence, Genoa, and Venice bridged Asia and Europe with their trading and financial activities, yet Italy remained a region of fiercely independent city-states. In the nineteenth century an upsurge of nationalist fervour was channelled by Garibaldi into a victorious war against Italy's Habsburg overlords. A political vision was finally realized and the nation of Italy was created.This extensively illustrated survey by twelve leading historians offers a fascinating introduction to the history and culture of Italy.
The Body in the Anglosphere, 1880–1920
Focusing on the body in every chapter, this book examines the changing meanings and profound significance of the physical form among the Anglo-Saxons from 1880 to 1920. They formed an imaginary—but, in many ways, quite real—community that ruled much of the world. Among them, racism became more virulent. To probe the importance of the body, this book brings together for the first time the many areas in which the physical form was newly or more extensively featured, from photography through literature, frontier wars, violent sports, and the global circus. Sex, sexuality, concepts of gender including women’s possibilities in all areas of life, and the meanings of race and of civilization figured regularly in Anglo discussions. Black people challenged racism by presenting their own photos of respectable folk. As all this unfolded, Anglo men and women faced the problem of maintaining civilized control vs. the need to express uninhibited feeling. With these issues in mind, it is evident that the origins of today’s debates about race and gender lie in the late nineteenth century.