The Beginner S Guide To Interpreting Ethnic Dna Origins For Family History
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The Beginner's Guide to Interpreting Ethnic DNA Origins for Family History
Genealogists are now using molecular genealogy--comparing and matching people by matrilineal DNA lineages--mtDNA or patrilineal Y-chromosome ancestry and/or racial percentages tests. People interested in ancestry now look at genetic markers to trace the migrations of the human species. Here's how to trace your genealogy by DNA from your grandparents back 10,000 or more years. Anyone can be interested in DNA for ancestry research, but of interest to Jews from Eastern Europe is to see how different populations from a mosaic of communities reached their current locations. From who are you descended? What markers will shed light on your deepest ancestry? You can study DNA for medical reasons or to discover the geographic travels and dwelling places of some of your ancestors. How do Europeans in general fit into the great migrations of prehistory that took all to where they are today based on their genetic DNA markers and sequences? Where is the geographic center of their origin and the roots of all people? Specifically, how can you interpret your DNA test for family history as a beginner in researching ancestry and your own family history?
How to Interpret Family History and Ancestry DNA Test Results for Beginners
How many DNA testing companies will show you how to interpret DNA test results for family history or direct you to instructional materials after you have had your DNA tested? Choose a company based on previous customer satisfaction, and whether the company gives you choices of how many markers you want, various ethnic and geographic databases, and surname projects based on DNA-driven genealogy. Before you select a company to test your DNA, find out how many genetic markers will be tested. For the maternal line, 400 base pairs of sequences are the minimum. For the paternal line (men only) 37 markers are great, but 25 markers also should be useful. Some companies offer a 12-marker test for surname genealogy groups at a special price. Find out how long the turnaround time is for waiting to receive your results. What is the reputation of the company? Do they have a contract with a university lab or a private lab? Who does the testing and who is the chief geneticist at their laboratory? What research articles, if any, has that scientist written or what research studies on DNA have been performed by the person in charge of the DNA testing at the laboratory? Who owns the DNA business that contracts with the lab? How involved in genealogy-related DNA projects and databases or services is the owner?
Writing 45-Minute One-Act Plays, Skits, Monologues, & Animation Scripts for Drama Workshops
Here's a guide book on how to write 45-minute one-act plays, skits, and monologues for all ages. Step-by-step strategies and sample play, monologue, and animation script offer easy-to-understand solutions for drama workshop leaders, high-school and university drama directors, teachers, students, parents, coaches, playwrights, scriptwriters, novelists, storytellers, camp counselors, actors, lifelong learning instructors, biographers, facilitators, personal historians, and senior center activity directors. Guide young people in an intergenerational experience of interviewing and writing skits, plays, and monologues based on the significant events and experiences from lives of people. Learn to write skits, plays and monologues based on historical events and personalities. What you'll get out of this book and the exercises of writing one-act plays for teenage actors and audiences of all-ages audience, are improved skills in adapting all types of social issues, current events, or life experience to 45-minute one-act plays, skits, or monologues for teenage or older adult drama workshops. How do you write plays and skits from life stories, current events, social issues, or history? Are you looking for the appropriate 45-minute, one-act play for high-school students or other teenagers, for community center drama workshops, or even for home school projects or for events and celebrations? Are you seeking one-act plays for older adults drama workshops? Use personal or biographical experiences as examples when you write your skit or play. If you want a really original play, write, revise, and adapt your own plays, skits, and monologues. Here's how to do it.