Taguchi Methods And Optimization For Robust Software Digital Short Cut
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Taguchi Methods and Optimization for Robust Software (Digital Short Cut)
This is the eBook version of the printed book. The software industry stands on the brink of an era of dramatic change. We expect the industry to continue the restructuring process already begun, emerging as a much smaller number of horizontally structured firms mostly doing business with each other. As software becomes highly "componentized," the industry will begin to resemble the automotive industry, with many small firms making parts, but only a few large ones assembling them into finished products. Software automation in the form of application generation technology will become the norm as system analysts and other domain specialists become the new application programmers, writing in specification languages. Meanwhile, the more talented of today's application programmers will become system programmers, writing the meta-compilers that will transform specification language codes into Java and C application programs. It is still true that new technologies do not replace old technologies, at least not at first; in their infancy, they merely supplement them. Chapters 16, 17, 18 and 19 of the book Design for Trustworthy Software address the transition period during which robust, trustworthy software is still created by current technology and processes as the new technology and its streamlined processes emerge. This short cut is a reproduction of Chapter 17 of Design for Trustworthy Software. It illustrates how Taguchi's quality loss function provides a measure of the overall loss to society when a product fails to meet its target functionality and reliability. It describes howsignal-to-noise ratio measures the positive quality contribution from controllable or design factors versus the negative quality contribution from uncontrollable or noise factors. It presents Taguchi Methods involving seven steps, beginning with a clear statement of thedesign problem and ending with a confirming statisticalexperiment showing how parameter choices will enhance robustness. An example from electrical circuit design is presented, because it is much more similar to software design than mechanical design, where Taguchi Methods have found their largest applications. A more detailed example from software design or product improvement builds on the previous example. Lastly, this short cut describes Taguchi's development and application of an earlier technique involving Latin squares or orthogonal matrices to allow the evaluation on multiple parameters simultaneously. It illustrates how his use of orthogonal matrices permits a multifactorial analysis that is far more efficient than a conventional "bottleneck" analysis, and how it allows the study of factor interactions. This short cut can be used either as an important methodology of trustworthy software design process or as a standalone presentation of Taguchi Methods in software development context. This short cut should be of interest to software and quality professionals. In particular, it should be of value to the CMMI, Six Sigma, and DFSS communities worldwide, especially for those who have acquired or plan to acquire Green Belt, Black Belt, Master Black Belt, or similar competencies in various quality management disciplines. It should also be useful resource for students and academics of various programs at senior undergraduate and graduate levels, and for those preparing for American Society for Quality's (ASQ) Certified Software Quality Engineer (CSQE) examination. What This Short Cut Covers 3 Introduction 4 Taguchi Methods for Robust Software Design 5 An Example from Engineering Design 9 An Example from Software Design and Development 12 Orthogonal Matrices for Taguchi Parameter Design Experiments 16 Applications to the Design of Trustworthy Software 19 Key Points 19 Additional Resources 20 Exercises 20 Endnotes 21 What's in the Book Design for Trustworthy Software 23 About the Authors 28 The Design for Trustworthy Software Digital Short Cut Compilation 29
The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) in Software Development (Digital Short Cut)
Author: Bijay K. Jayaswal
language: en
Publisher: Pearson Education
Release Date: 2007-03-01
This is the eBook version of the printed book. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is an advanced technique that supports decision makers in structuring complex decisions, quantifying intangible factors, and evaluating choices in multiobjective decision situations. It is a comprehensive and rational decision-making framework that provides a powerful methodology for determining relative worth among a set of elements. AHP is especially suitable for complex decisions that involve the comparison of decision elements which are difficult to quantify. The AHP, and its more recent version the Analytic Network Process (ANP), were developed by Dr. Thomas Saaty and have been applied in a wide variety of decision situations in organizations worldwide. AHP is particularly applicable in managing software complexity, and in Quality Function Deployment (QFD), as presented in Chapter 11 of the book Design for Trustworthy Software. This short cut illustrates the application of AHP in prioritizing complex design issues. It also shows how AHP and its supporting software, Expert Choice (EC), can handle much higher levels of complexities accurately and expeditiously than the prioritization matrices introduced in Chapter 7 of Design for Trustworthy Software. In addition to solutions facilitated by EC, this short cut also illustrates two known approximations to AHP solutions using manual calculations. Manual calculations can be used to solve relatively less complex problems. They are presented in this short cut to illustrate the first principles and the steps involved in AHP. This short cut is a reproduction of Chapter 8 of the book Design for Trustworthy Software and introduces AHP with a simple example. It can be used either as a methodology in trustworthy software design process or as a standalone introductory presentation on AHP. This short cut should be of interest to software and quality professionals. In particular, it would be of value to the CMMI, Six Sigma, and DFSS communities worldwide, especially those who have acquired or plan to acquire Green Belt, Black Belt, Master Black Belt, or similar competencies in various quality management disciplines. It should also be a useful resource for students and academicians of various programs at senior undergraduate and graduate levels, and for those preparing for ASQ's Certified Software Quality Engineer (CSQE) examination. What This Short Cut Covers 3 Introduction 4 Prioritization, Complexity, and the Analytic Hierarchy Process 4 Multiobjective Decision-Making and AHP 5 Case Study 1 Solution Using Expert Choice 12 Approximations to AHP with Manual Calculations 22 Conclusion 33 Key Points 33 Additional Resources 34 Internet Exercises 34 Review Questions 34 Discussion Questions and Projects 35 Problems 36 Endnotes 45 What's in the Book Design for Trustworthy Software 47 About the Authors 52 The Design for Trustworthy Software Digital Short Cut Compilation 53
Launching a Design for Trustworthy Software (DFTS) Initiative (Digital Short Cut)
This is the eBook version of the printed book. This short cut is a reproduction of Chapter 21 of the book Design for Trustworthy Software (DFTS) and is a sequel to Chapters 2, 5, and 20. The Plan, Implement, Control, and Secure (PICS) implementation framework is revisited and its four phases are examined in turn. Building organization-wide competencies to launch and sustain a DFTS initiative is emphasized. The short cut begins with a review of various planning activities and a summary of deliverables. This is followed by a detailed presentation of the two implementation steps that deal with establishing overall learning objectives, designing and customizing learning curricula, providing training for support personnel and Black Belts and Master Black Belts, and the ensuing application of such learning to an actual software development project. Next is a discussion of monitoring and control mechanisms including self-appraisal, successive appraisal, and review of work carried out to date with the customers. This is followed by a discussion of Simon's Levers of Control, namely, belief systems, boundary systems, diagnostic control systems, and interactive control systems, and of important issues related to internal control systems to ensure integrity of data used in strategic control systems. Finally, operational controls involving feedback control systems and project management is presented. A case study of GE's Operating System is introduced as a vehicle to launch a new initiative and enrich it through several yearly cycles. Another case study presents Tata Consultancy Services' quality initiatives and their integration. A brief discussion of application in small software firms and e-cottages is provided. The chapter ends with a brief discussion of the future course of a DFTS initiative. This short cut can be used either as a methodology in deploying the DFTS initiative or as a standalone presentation on launching major organizational initiatives. This short cut should be of interest to software and quality professionals. In particular, it should be of value to the CMMI, Six Sigma, and DFSS communities worldwide, especially those who have acquired or plan to acquire Green Belt, Black Belt, Master Black Belt, or similar competencies in various quality management disciplines. It should also be useful resource for students and academic of various programs at senior undergraduate and graduate levels, and for those preparing for American Society for Quality's (ASQ) Certified Software Quality Engineer (CSQE) examination. What This Short Cut Covers 3 Introduction 4 DFTS and the PICS Framework 5 Plan 6 Implement 7 Control 16 Secure 27 Application in Small Software Firms and e-Cottages 36 What's Next? 37 Key Points 37 Additional Resources 40 Internet Exercises 40 Review Questions 41 Discussion Questions 41 Endnotes 42 What's in the Book Design for Trustworthy Software 44 About the Authors 49 The Design for Trustworthy Software Digital Short Cut Compilation 50