Statements Of Resolve
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Statements of Resolve
Author: Roseanne W. McManus
language: en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date: 2017-07-25
This book analyzes the conditions under which leaders can use resolved statements to effectively coerce foreign adversaries.
Palimpsests of Themselves
Author: Asad Q. Ahmed
language: en
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Release Date: 2022-07-19
A free open access ebook is available upon publication. Learn more at www.luminosoa.org. Palimpsests of Themselves is an intervention in current discussions about the fate of philosophy in postclassical Islamic intellectual history. Asad Q. Ahmed uses as a case study the most advanced logic textbook of Muslim South Asia, The Ladder of the Sciences, presenting in English its first full translation and extended commentary. He offers detailed assessments of the technical contributions of the work, explores the social and institutional settings of the vast commentarial response it elicited, and develops a theory of the philosophical commentary that is internal to the tradition. These approaches to the commentarial text complicate presuppositions upon which questions of Islam’s intellectual decline are erected. As such, Ahmed offers a unique and powerful opportunity to understand the transmission of knowledge across the Islamic world.
The Role of Statements of Resolve in International Conflict
This dissertation investigates when public statements of resolve are made, whether they are generally effective at influencing conflict outcomes, and which conditions make them most effective. The primary theoretical contribution of the dissertation is identifying the observable ability to follow through on statements of resolve as a key condition determining the statements' effectiveness. Most existing theories that seek to explain the effectiveness of resolved statements emphasize the costs of backing down from statements, but pay little attention to the risks and obstacles associated with following through on them. However, I show with two formal models that statements may not be credible if adversaries believe these risks and obstacles are too great. I propose three factors that can make statements of resolve more effective by giving a leader the observable ability to follow through on them: hawkish domestic veto players, security in office of the leader issuing the statements, and a strong domestic opposition. The primary empirical contribution of this dissertation is coding original data quantifying US presidential statements of resolve. These data were created using content analysis of full statements by US presidents. This unique dataset allows me to go beyond the indirect statistical tests and small case studies in the previous literature and examine the role of statements directly and systematically. I find that statements of resolve are primarily made in times of conflict and that making stronger statements of resolve is generally associated with more favorable conflict outcomes. In keeping with my theory, the beneficial impact of statements on conflict outcomes is greater when the president is more secure in office, when there are more hawks in Congress, and when there is more opposition in Congress. I also find support for my theory in qualitative case studies, including the Cuban Missile Crisis, the Vietnam War, and the US-Soviet relationship during the Reagan era.