Size Spectra As A Tool To Understand Structures And Processes Of Aquatic Communities
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Body Size: The Structure and Function of Aquatic Ecosystems
Author: Alan G. Hildrew
language: en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date: 2007-07-12
Ecologists have long struggled to predict features of ecological systems, such as the numbers and diversity of organisms. The wide range of body sizes in ecological communities, from tiny microbes to large animals and plants, is emerging as the key to prediction. Based on the relationship between body size and features such as biological rates, the physics of water and the amount of habitat available, we may be able to understand patterns of abundance and diversity, biogeography, interactions in food webs and the impact of fishing, adding up to a potential 'periodic table' for ecology. Remarkable progress on the unravelling, describing and modelling of aquatic food webs, revealing the fundamental role of body size, makes a book emphasising marine and freshwater ecosystems particularly apt. In this 2007 book, the importance of body size is examined at a range of scales that will be of interest to professional ecologists, from students to senior researchers.
Aquatic Food Webs
Author: Andrea Belgrano
language: en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date: 2005
'Aquatic Food Webs' provides a current synthesis of theoretical and empirical food web research. The textbook is suitable for graduate level students as well as professional researchers in community, ecosystem, and theoretical ecology, in aquatic ecology, and in conservation biology.
Size Spectra as a Tool to Understand Structures and Processes of Aquatic Communities
Englische Version: Aquatic communities are highly body-size structured with an exponential decline of abundance with increasing body size, which is referred to as the size spectrum (SS). The importance of body size as a principal and simplifying framework within aquatic communities, has led to a high number of theoretical and empirical studies on energy fluxes in food webs and predatorprey interactions using Size Spectra. These size-based approaches offer a rather simple and inexpensive method to answer complex ecological questions. However, conflicting findings on the key drivers of SS highlight the need for further studies. To address some of these conflicting conclusions, I investigated a range of questions within the fields of limnology and coral reef ecology. In this thesis size-based approaches such as SS were employed to explore (i) what drives zooplankton size distribution and whether zooplanktivorous fish (top-down) or resource availability and environmental condition (bottom-up) determine zooplankton community SS, (ii) whether traditional midwater trawling or modern hydroacoustic methods more reliably represent fish SS, and (iii) coral reef fish community SS and habitat structural complexity and their relationship across site-specific anthropogenic stressors. By analysing long term data, I first found that neither top-down or bottom-up forces drove the zooplankton community size distribution. Zooplankton SS seem robust against predation effects but a sensitive indicator for lake-wide energy availability and transfer efficiency in the food web. Then I found that hydroacoustic methods reliably represent pelagic fish community SS, making it a great alternative to traditional and more invasive fish removal sampling methods. Finally, I discovered that coral reef fish SS slope and structural complexity of the reef exhibited a significant negative relationship on two of the examined reef sites which are least exposed to anthropogenic disturbances. [...