Separated Conjoined Twins
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Conjoined Twins
When two human ova fail to fully separate during pregnancy, the result is conjoined twins. The twins may be connected by ligament, bone, or just flesh, and they often share organs, but what captures most people's interest is whether the twins share sensations, thoughts and even souls. This encyclopedia presents entries on conjoined twins throughout history, the biological causes and effects of twins being born conjoined, and ethical issues such as self-support and separation surgery. It also includes entries on the modern standardized terminology used when discussing conjoined twins, the categories into which conjoined twins have been sorted, doctors past and present who have performed separation surgeries, and hospitals, such as Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, that are known for the separation of conjoined twins. This book even covers fraudulent conjoined twins and fictional ones in books written by such authors as Mark Twain, Vladimir Nabakov, and Katherine Dunn. Other entries cover relevant films, websites, and institutions.
The Twin in the Transference
The universal phantasy of having a twin originates in our earliest relational experiences. This book is about twins and twinning processes. The existence of an actual twin, alive or dead, may be experienced as an embodiment of the phantasy of having a twin, with developmental consequences. Twinning processes in twins lead to the creation of an internal twin relationship that is enduring. The twin relationship may be at the narcissistic end of the spectrum leading to an enmeshed twinship, or it may be a more mature object relationship. All twin relationships will be manifest in the transference relationship with the analyst. The twin transference has been largely neglected in the psychoanalytic literature, to the detriment of our understanding of dynamic processes in twin patients. In this book, case material is used to explore the nature of the twin transference relationship and the necessity of analysing the twin transference, as well as maternal and paternal transference relationships.
Conjoined Twins
Although fertility drugs are increasing the incidence of twin births, conjoined twins remain rare at about 1 in 75,000 births. Nonetheless, they present a unique opportunity to learn about human development, as well as a challenge to medical professionals. In Conjoined Twins, Rowena Spencer, M.D., provides a comprehensive guide that thoroughly reviews the past century's literature on the subject and develops her theory of how these cases occur. After introductory chapters on history and embryology, the book presents a separate chapter for each of the eight main types of conjoined twins. Detailed descriptions of conjoined twins are accompanied by information valuable in planning surgical treatment, as well as extensive tables summarizing the available data on each type. Conjoined triplets and unusual conjoined twins receive attention in the final two chapters. Including line illustrations and photographs, this encyclopedic book about a complex subject will be a valuable reference for the many professionals who evaluate, treat, and study conjoined twins.