Pyrethroid Insecticides
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Pyrethroid Insecticides
This book reviews the latest developments concerning the analysis, fate, behaviour and toxicity of pyrethroid insecticides. Over the last few decades, pyrethroid insecticides have increasingly replaced organochlorine pesticides due to their relatively lower mammalian toxicity, selective insecticide activity and lower environmental persistence. They represent 25% of global sales of insecticides, and are considered to be “safe” since they are converted to non-toxic metabolites by oxidative metabolism in fish and by hydrolysis in mammals. However, recent studies have demonstrated their environmental ubiquity, their bioaccumulation and their toxicity in various aquatic and terrestrial organisms, and even in humans. Featuring contributions by leading experts, the book discusses the physico-chemical properties and uses of pyrethroid insecticides; the latest chemical analytical methods; their occurrence in the environment, biota and food; and their isomeric and enantiomeric behaviour. It particularly highlights the toxicological effects and human exposure to pyrethroid insecticides, and also offers insights into the effects of the salmon industry on the marine environment with a case study of sea lice treatment using pyrethroids. This comprehensive book is a valuable source of information for environmental scientists, policymakers and producers interested in issues related to pyrethroid insecticides.
Pyrethroids
Author: P. J. Campbell
language: en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date: 2012-01-15
S. Kobayashi M. Ueno T. Kitanosono Bismuth Catalysts in Aqueous Media Y. Matano Pentavalent Organobismuth Reagents in Organic Synthesis: Alkylation, Alcohol Oxidation and Cationic Photopolymerization S. W. Krabbe R. S. Mohan Environmentally Friendly Organic Synthesis Using Bismuth(III) Compounds T. Ollevier Bismuth-Catalyzed Addition of Silyl Nucleophiles to Carbonyl Compounds and Imines M. Rueping B. J. Nachtsheim Bismuth Salts in Catalytic Alkylation Reactions J. A. R. Salvador S. M. Silvestre R. M. A. Pinto R. C. Santos C. Le Roux New Applications for Bismuth(III) Salts in Organic Synthesis: From Bulk Chemicals to Steroid and Terpene Chemistry S. Matsunaga M. Shibasaki Cationic Bismuth-Catalyzed Hydroamination and Direct Substitution of the Hydroxy Group in Alcohols with Amides S. Shimada M. L. N. Rao Transition-Metal Catalyzed C–C Bond Formation Using Organobismuth Compounds J. S. Yadav A. Antony B.V. S. ReddyBismuth(III) Salts as Synthetic Tools in Organic Transformations
Current Insights into the Microbial Degradation for Synthetic Pyrethroid Insecticides
Author: Wen-Juan Chen
language: en
Publisher: Scientific Research Publishing, Inc. USA
Release Date: 2025-05-19
Extensive use of synthetic pyrethroid insecticides poses significant risks to both ecological ecosystems and human beings. Therefore, it is necessary to develop remediation technologies to remove pyrethroid residues from various environmental compartments. To date, several remediation techniques have been devised, which include adsorption, incineration, oxidation, fenton degradation, photodegradation, and microbial degradation. Among these, microbial degradation is an efficient and safer method for the removal of pyrethroids from the environment without producing further pollution. Furthermore, the advanced molecular approaches, enzyme engineering, and omics will provide better tools for the microbial degradation of pyrethroids by means of exploring the novel research perspectives. Reaching a great combination of the recent studies on the microbial degradation of pyrethroids, this book is one of the most practical and up-to-date references available on the subject. This allows the knowledge of pyrethroid biodegradation accessible to a wider range of audiences, and also introduce new thoughts and new methods for researchers, practitioners in dealing with pyrethroid residues or related issues. The fundamental concepts, experimental process, statistical analyses, and comprehensive discussions are covered in detail, providing the readers a systematic understanding of the field.