Progressive Collapse Analysis Of An Existing Building
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Progressive Collapse Analysis of an Existing Building
Abstract: This research study investigates an actual structure's potential to fail due to progressive collapse. Progressive collapse in a structure occurs when major structural load carrying members are removed suddenly, and the remaining structural elements cannot support the weight of the building and fail. This failure usually occurs in a domino effect and leads to a progressive collapse failure in the structure. The bombing of the Murray Federal Building in Oklahoma City is a typical example of progressive collapse failure. The initial bomb blast caused only 10% of the structure's damage, and the resulting progressive collapse failure lead to 90% of the structure's damage. This experiment involved testing of a steel building scheduled for demolition in Northbrook, Illinois. The demolition team tore out four selected columns from the building to simulate the sudden column removal that leads to progressive collapse. The structure was instrumented with strain gauges that recorded the change in strain in various structural members while the columns were removed. The author instrumented the beams and columns in the building, managed the testing, and analyzed the recorded data. The strain values recorded in the field were compared with the results from a computer model of the building. The model was created in a structural analysis program (SAP2000). The research is still underway, and the strain values recorded in the field and the computer model are being compared and analyzed. The percent error between the calculated and measured strains in a selected column was 21%. The SAP2000 analysis conducted in this research was based on linear material properties. The numerical models and simulations will be expanded to include nonlinear effects and dynamic analysis. The ultimate goal of this ongoing progressive collapse research on real buildings is to develop better building evaluation and design guidelines for structural engineers to use to prevent progressive collapse in new and existing buildings. Future progressive collapse research recommendations are also presented. The instrumentation of strain gauges for optimum results is discussed, and column removal guidelines and linear displacement sensor instrumentation are also shown.
Progressive Collapse Analysis of Concrete-filled Steel Tubular Structures
Since the notorious terrorist attack of the World Trade Center in 2001, researchers and engineers have been forced to review the existing research works and standards in resisting the progressive collapse of structures. From then on, the design of structure against progressive collapse has tended toward quantitative design, rather than qualitative design. The collapse of the COVID-19 epidemic isolation hotel in Quanzhou, China, in 2020 and the vertical collapse of a 12-story apartment in Florida, United States, in 2021 have aroused an upsurge of the research on progressive collapse. More experimental and theoretical works have been focused on this area. This book addresses this issue and provides a valuable reference for the progressive collapse analysis and design of building structures. - Reviews latest references systematically in terms of experiments, simulation, and theory - Introduces different test equipment used in the tests of progressive collapse and also modeling techniques used in the numerical studies of progressive collapse - Includes performance prediction theories used in the analysis of progressive collapse - Comprises considerable information on the tests and simulation and theoretical studies collected from the authors' research in the last 10 years
Progressive Collapse Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Buildings Under Blast Loadings
During the last two decades, a significant number of embassies, commercial centers, governmental structures, industrial facilities, and residential buildings have been attacked by explosives. Consequently, blast-resistant design of structures has gained importance in recent years to minimize structural damage and threat to life safety. Some guidelines have been developed for this purpose, based on previously conducted research. The U.S. General Services Administration (GSA) report is one of these guidelines that provide practical solutions to blast-related engineering problems, including requirements for analysis and design for prevention of progressive collapse in structures. The guidelines also help establish the potentials for progressive collapse in existing buildings.