Prisoners Of Jan Smuts
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Prisoners of Jan Smuts
Author: Karen Horn
language: en
Publisher: Jonathan Ball Publishers
Release Date: 2024-04-10
Equally skilled in a variety of trades other than in the art of love, the Italian prisoners of war (POWs) who were incarcerated in South Africa during the Second World War are a source of great fascination to this day. Who were these men? And what made some of them attempt dramatic escapes, while others wanted to stay behind after the war? The first Italian POWs arrived in the Union of South Africa in early 1941, most of them being held in Zonderwater Camp outside Cullinan or in work camps across the country. The government of Jan Smuts saw them as a source of cheap labour that would contribute to harvesting schemes, road-building projects such as the old Du Toit's Kloof Pass between Paarl and Worcester and even to prickly-pear eradication schemes. Prisoners of Jan Smuts recounts the stories of survival and shenanigans of the Italian POWs in the Union through the eyes of five prisoners who had documented their experiences in memoirs and letters. While many POWs seemed to appreciate the opportunities to gain new skills, others clung to the Fascist ideas they had grown up with and refused to work . Many opted to remain in South Africa once the war had ended, forging quite a legacy. These included sculptor Edoardo Villa, who left an important mark in the local and international art world, and businessman Aurelio Gatti, who built an ice-cream empire whose gelato was to delight generations of South Africans.
Prisoners of War and Military Honour, 1789–1918
Author: Jasper Heinzen
language: en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date: 2025-01-03
Early in the modern period, prisoners of war with the rank of officer or equivalent had the right to petition for parole. By effectively pawning their personal honour, they were able to purchase freedom of movement and other privileges-in-captivity. Increasingly, other ranks and civilians claimed a right to parole too. Based on material from close to thirty Australian, British, Dutch, French, German, and Swiss archives, Jasper Heinzen investigates the role and implications of honour-based agreements between prisoners of war and their captors in western European warfare. Across a range of ego documents, ministerial memoranda, the minutes of Masonic lodges, and prisoners' petitions, as well as a substantial body of published material, he demonstrates how captives, statesmen, and humanitarians understood honour in the 'long nineteenth century', how they negotiated national differences, and whyparole d'honneurcontinued to matter as a code of conduct into the First World War. In so doing, the book demonstrates the dichotomy between 'good' codes of conduct prevalent in the eighteenth century and the practices of modern warfare—perpetuated by a substantial amount of scholarship—to be a false one. Explaining the longevity of parole in this novel way raises important questions about the so-called 'military Enlightenment', the excesses of the world wars, total war, and the practices and codes of modern warfare.
Irish Political Prisoners 1848-1922
Author: Professor Sean Mcconville
language: en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date: 2005-08-19
This is the most wide-ranging study ever published of political violence and the punishment of Irish political offenders from 1848 to the founding of the Irish Free State in 1922. Those who chose violence to advance their Irish nationalist beliefs ranged from gentlemen revolutionaries to those who openly embraced terrorism or even full-scale guerilla war. Seán McConville provides a comprehensive survey of Irish revolutionary struggle, matching chapters on punishment of offenders with descriptions and analysis of their campaigns. Government's response to political violence was determined by a number of factors, including not only the nature of the offences but also interest and support from the United States and Australia, as well as current objectives of Irish policy.