Phenolic Resins A Century Of Progress
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Phenolic Resins: A Century of Progress
Author: Louis Pilato
language: en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date: 2010-03-10
The legacy of Leo Hendrik Baekeland and his development of phenol formal- hyde resins are recognized as the cornerstone of the Plastics Industry in the early twentieth century, and phenolic resins continue to ?ourish after a century of robust growth. On July 13, 1907, Baekeland ?led his “heat and pressure” patent related to the processing of phenol formaldehyde resins and identi?ed their unique utility in a plethora of applications. The year 2010 marks the Centennial Year of the prod- tion of phenolic resins by Leo Baekeland. In 1910, Baekeland formed Bakelite GmbH and launched the manufacture of phenolic resins in Erkner in May 1910. In October 1910, General Bakelite began producing resins in Perth Amboy, New Jersey. Lastly, Baekeland collaborated with Dr. Takamine to manufacture phenolic resins in Japan in 1911. These events were instrumental in establishing the Plastics Industry and in tracing the identity to the brilliance of Dr. Leo Baekeland. Phenolic resins remain as a versatile resin system featuring either a stable, thermoplastic novolak composition that cures with a latent source of formaldehyde (hexa) or a heat reactive and perishable resole composition that cures thermally or under acidic or special basic conditions. Phenolic resins are a very large volume resin system with a worldwide volume in excess of 5 million tons/year, and its growth is related to the gross national product (GNP) growth rate globally.
Advanced fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites for structural applications
Author: E. Frollini
language: en
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Release Date: 2013-09-30
Thermosets such as phenolic thermosets are brittle at room temperature. Thus, in applications where good mechanical properties are required thermosets must be combined with reinforcements to improve these properties. Composites based on thermoset matrices can substitute for steel and concrete in some applications of civil construction structures because of their higher resistance to oxidation than steel and better freeze–thaw resistance than concrete. Furthermore, phenolic composites can be produced with complex shapes, and with careful design, materials can be obtained with high strength and stiffness and excellent impact strength, making these materials alternatives to metals. Construction materials require fire- and high-temperature-resistant components, and moldings and laminates based on phenolics can be utilized due to their resistance to burning and minimal smoke and toxic fumes production. Phenolic composites can positively impact the building and construction industry by improving safety and reducing cost.
Advanced Fibre-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Composites for Structural Applications
Advanced fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites have become essential materials for the building of new structures and for the repair of existing infrastructure. Advanced fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites for structural applications provides an overview of different advanced FRP composites and the use of these materials in a variety of application areas.Part one introduces materials used in the creation of advanced FRP composites including polyester, vinylester and epoxy resins. Part two goes on to explore the processing and fabrication of advanced FRP composites and includes chapters on prepreg processing and filament winding processes. Part three highlights properties of advanced FRP composites and explores how performance can be managed and tested. Applications of advanced FRP composites, including bridge engineering, pipe rehabilitation in the oil and gas industry and sustainable energy production, are discussed in part four.With its distinguished editor and international team of expert contributors, Advanced fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites for structural applications is a technical resource for researchers and engineers using advanced FRP composites, as well as professionals requiring an understanding of the production and properties of advanced FRP composites, and academics interested in this field. - Provides an overview of different advanced FRP composites and the use of these materials in a variety of application areas - Introduces materials used in the creation of advanced FRP composites including polyester, vinylester and epoxy resins - Explores the processing and fabrication of advanced FRP composites and includes chapters on prepreg processing and filament winding processes