Oman In The Twentieth Century
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Oman in the Twentieth Century
Oman was ruled by the Al Bu Sa’id for 250 years, and during this period the fortunes of the state varied considerably. But in July 1970, as a result of a palace coup, the state abruptly turned away from isolation and traditions of the past. The most obvious alteration was in the dramatic change in the outward appearance of the country, particularly as exemplified by the rejection of the long era of stagnation and the parallel emphasis on socio-economic development. In the political realm, however, the shifting balance of power and the rapid growth and diversification of the state’s administrative structure were based essentially on perennial themes in Omani politics. The interplay between four of these themes forms the basis of this study, first published in 1978. The role of the Sultan and the ruling family, the development of the administration, the exercise of tribal politics and the impact of external influences on the state are closely examined and the modifications they went in response to the various challenges of the twentieth century are discussed. The constant flux in the relative importance of each of these themes illustrates the fragile nature of the traditional Omani political system, for in the twentieth century the Al Bu Sa’id Sultanate found its precarious hold over the country challenged on a number of occasions. These challenges – ranging from the tribal and religious rebellion of 1913-20, to the Marxist-Leninist revolt in Dhufar – are also analysed in detail, together with the response of the Sultanate to their impact.
The Sultanate of Oman
This study is based on extensive research in British sources and includes material from archives in the United States. The last chapter, which covers the period from 1970, is based on Omani newspapers and interviews with Omani officials conducted in 1994. Throughout the 20th century, Omani rulers were confronted with rebellious tribes and threatened by movements originating outside the sultanate, including Wahhabism, Arab nationalism, and communism. The discovery of oil in the 1960s did not free the Omani people from poverty or seclusion. The Sultan's subjects were only liberated in 1970, when a coup d'etat led by Sayyid Qaboos bin Said, enabled Oman to build a modern infrastructure, join the Arab World and the international community.
A History of Modern Oman
Author: Jeremy Jones
language: en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date: 2015-08-31
The ideal introduction to the history of modern Oman from the eighteenth century to the present, this book combines the most recent scholarship on Omani history with insights drawn from a close analysis of the politics and international relations of contemporary Oman. Jeremy Jones and Nicholas Ridout offer a distinctive new approach to Omani history, building on post-colonial thought and integrating the study of politics and culture. The book addresses key topics including Oman's historical cosmopolitanism, the distinctive role of Omani Islam in the country's social and political life, Oman's role in the global economy of the nineteenth century, insurrection and revolution in the twentieth century, the role of Sultan Qaboos in the era of oil and Oman's unique regional and diplomatic perspective on contemporary issues.