Novel Insights Into Sperm Function And Selection From Basic Research To Clinical Application

Novel Insights into Sperm Function and Selection: from Basic Research to Clinical Application

Male and Sperm Factors that Maximize IVF Success

A practical review of factors affecting male fertility and the treatments and strategies that can optimize IVF outcomes.

Recent Advances in Endometriosis: from Bench to Clinical Application

Endometriosis is a benign and enigmatic disease estimated to affect 6–10% of women of reproductive age. It has been associated with two significant problems, chronic pelvic pain and subfertility. Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent disorder described as the presence of endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterine cavity. This disease may have undesirable consequences on a woman's physical and emotional well-being. Accordingly, it may attenuate women's quality of life and productivity. Likewise, Endometriosis can cause substantial economic and social problems for patients, families, and society. Despite its high prevalence, cost, and many published articles, the pathogenesis of Endometriosis remains controversial due to the lack of robust evidence. This issue may consequently restrict our understanding of the disease and decelerate innovation in diagnostic and treatment options. It is now well accepted that a combination of genetic, hormonal, and immunological factors may contribute to the development of Endometriosis. Endometriosis treatments have been primarily focused on alleviating the symptoms and not the underlying mechanisms of the disease. The nature of individual influencing factors, immune system and peritoneal cavity of women with Endometriosis remains to be elucidated. Although the advances in research over the years have enhanced our understanding associated with hormones and their receptors, immune disorder, the principle of hormonal treatments for Endometriosis, comprehensive and interdisciplinary approaches to disease management, and awareness for patients and health care providers are compulsory to eradicate stigma, intensify an accurate diagnosis and permit for new developments.