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Microbial Factories
This book highlights the efforts made by distinguished scientific researchers world-wide to meet two key challenges: i) the limited reserves of polluting fossil fuels, and ii) the ever-increasing amounts of waste being generated. These case studies have brought to the foreground certain innovative biological solutions to real-life problems we now face on a global scale: environmental pollution and its role in deteriorating human health. The book also highlights major advances in microbial metabolisms, which can be used to produce bioenergy, biopolymers, bioactive molecules, enzymes, etc. Around the world, countries like China, Germany, France, Sweden and the US are now implementing major national programs for the production of biofuels. The book provides information on how to meet the chief technical challenges – identifying an industrially robust microbe and cheap raw material as feed. Of the various possibilities for generating bioenergy, the most attractive is the microbial production of biohydrogen, which has recently gained significant recognition worldwide, due to its high efficiency and eco-friendly nature. Further, the book highlights factors that can make these bioprocesses more economical, especially the cost of the feed. The anaerobic digestion (AD) process is more advantageous in comparison to aerobic processes for stabilizing biowastes and producing biofuels (hydrogen, biodiesel, 1,3-propanediol, methane, electricity), biopolymers (polyhydroxyalkanoates, cellulose, exopolysaccharides) and bioactive molecules (such as enzymes, volatile fatty acids, sugars, toxins, etc.) for biotechnological and medical applications. Information is provided on how the advent of molecular biological techniques can provide greater insights into novel microbial lineages. Bioinformatic tools and metagenomic techniques have extended the limits to which these biological processes can be exploited to improve human welfare. A new dimension to these scientific works has been added by the emergence of synthetic biology. The Big Question is: How can these Microbial Factories be improved through metabolic engineering and what cost targets need to be met?
Planar Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry
Planar Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry focuses on a relatively new approach to chemical analysis in general, and to separation science in particular. It is the first book to systemically cover the theoretical background, techniques, instrumentation, and practical applications of planar chromatography-mass spectrometry as a hyphenated tool of analy
Genetic Engineering for Crop Improvement
Genetic engineering is the science that is concerned with the direct manipulation of an organism's genes using the techniques of biotechnology. It has vast applications in the field of agriculture. The development of genetically modified crops for the production of genetically modified food is a modern example of crop engineering. Such utilization of genetic engineering tools to augment agricultural productivity is in the domain of agricultural biotechnology. It involves the use of molecular diagnostics and markers, vaccines and tissue culture to develop modifications in crops. Other techniques of crop modification are induced mutagenesis and polyploidy, crossbreeding, genome editing, etc. The traits in crops that are of economic interest are herbicide tolerance, disease resistance, insect resistance and temperature tolerance. This book unravels the recent studies in the field of crop improvement. Also included in this book is a detailed explanation of the various concepts and techniques of genetic engineering for crop production. Students, researchers, experts and all associated with this field will benefit alike from this book.