Ndefensible Space
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Encyclopedia of Victimology and Crime Prevention
Victimology and crime prevention are growing, interrelated areas cutting across several disciplines. Victimology examines victims of all sorts of criminal activity, from domestic abuse, to street violence, to victims in the workplace who lose jobs and pensions due to malfeasance by corporate executives. Crime prevention is an important companion to victimology because it offers insight and techniques to prevent situations that lead to crime and attempts to offer ideas and means for mitigating or minimizing the potential for victimization. .In many ways, the two fields have developed along parallel yet separate paths, and the literature on both has been scattered across disciplines as varied as sociology, law and criminology, public health and medicine, political science and public policy, economics, psychology and human services, and more. The Encyclopedia of Victimology and Crime Prevention provides a comprehensive reference work bringing together such dispersed knowledge as it outlines and discusses the status of victims within the criminal justice system and topics of deterring and preventing victimization in the first place and responding to victims' needs. Two volumes containing approximately 375 signed entries provide users with the most authoritative and comprehensive reference resource available on victimology and crime prevention, both in terms of breadth and depth of coverage. In addition to standard entries, leading scholars in the field have contributed Anchor Essays that, in broad strokes, provide starting points for investigating the more salient victimology and crime prevention topics. A representative sampling of general topic areas covered includes: interpersonal and domestic violence, child maltreatment, and elder abuse; street violence; hate crimes and terrorism; treatment of victims by the media, courts, police, and politicians; community response to crime victims; physical design for crime prevention; victims of nonviolent crimes; deterrence and prevention; helping and counseling crime victims; international and comparative perspectives, and more.
A Level Psychology Through Diagrams
DT These highly successful revision guides have been brought right up-to-date for the new A Level specifications introduced in September 2000.DT Oxford Revision Guides are highly effective for both individual revision and classroom summary work. The unique visual format makes the key concepts and processes, and the links between them, easier to memorize.DT Students will save valuable revision time by using these notes instead of condensing their own.DT In fact, many students are choosing to buy their own copies so that they can colour code or highlight them as they might do with their own revision notes.
For Want of Defensible Space a Forest is Lost
"In the summer of 2000 the western United States was on fire. Wildfires were front page news for weeks; on the peak activity day there were 84 large fires, over 28,000 people fighting them, and over 1.6 million acres burning. The severity of wildfire hazard results from a complex mix of demographic change, historical fire management policy, and shifting cultural perceptions of resource management. In recent decades more and more people have taken up residence in wildland areas. Because years of fire suppression have created forests and shrublands overloaded with fuel, migrants are moving into tinderboxes. Fire-fighting agencies, resources strained by protecting the growing number of homes, are working to expand their activities beyond putting out fires to minimizing their potential damage. New wildland residents are widely seen as a barrier to these efforts because it is believed that their expectations of fire protection and views of nature conflict with pro-active fire mitigation methods. However, these ideas about wildland residents have never been verified. This study tests the conventional wisdom and identifies factors that foster positive public attitudes towards fire mitigation activities such as creation of defensible space, conducting prescribed burns, and thinning. A mail survey was sent to homeowners in Incline Village, Nevada, a residential wildland intermix community located in a forest ripe for a conflagration and considered to have a proactive fire management program that works closely with town residents. Results indicate that the public's ability to understand the problem's complex nature and to recognize the need for a significant shift in wildfire management (both at the federal and the individual level) is not as limited as many fire managers think. Results show that providing specific information via one-on-one contact is important in increasing acceptance of controversial practices. Modest risk perception led homeowners to create an evacuation plan while only very high risk perception led them to create defensible space. Further, indirect experience of a wildfire was found to play a more positive role than direct experience, and television as an information source had the opposite of the desired impact."--Abstract.