Nationally Determined Contributions Enhanced Climate Mitigation Actions And Safeguards Ecmas Indicator Framework For Helping Countries Design Sustainable And Inclusive Net Zero Emissions Reduction Outcomes
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Nationally determined contributions-enhanced climate mitigation actions and safeguards (ECMAS) indicator framework for helping countries design sustainable and inclusive net-zero emissions reduction outcomes
Author: Julius G. Muchemi
language: en
Publisher: OAE Publishing Inc.
Release Date: 2023-08-23
Global warming is unequivocal. The Paris Agreement requires that countries undertake a global stocktake beginning in 2023 at the 28th Conference of Parties to be held in Doha and every five years thereafter. Countries will demonstrate aggregate progression towards balancing greenhouse gases by sources and removals, adapting to the threats from climate change, the flow of climate finances, and contribution to the achievement of sustainable development goals. This paper designs an Enhanced Climate Mitigation Actions and Safeguard (ECMAS) Indicator Framework and applies it to 188 Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). It assesses the implications of the quality of the information provided to improve clarity, transparency, and understanding of the NDCs. Findings show inconsistencies in terms used to describe emission reduction (ER) targets, unmet mitigation ambitions, and poorly elaborated safeguards. The study concludes that the information in the NDCs may jeopardize the sustainability and inclusiveness of net-zero ER targets and Paris Agreement goals, and the ECMAS Indicator Framework can help countries design and pursue appropriate pathways. Our findings recommend the need for policy guidelines to harmonize terminologies in NDCs, promotion of tools for enhancing net-zero ER targets and strengthening of institutional arrangements for elaborating and ensuring safeguards against socio-ecological inequalities are promoted and respected.
Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises
Author: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
language: en
Publisher: OECD
Release Date: 2005
The OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises (ISBN 926419682X) is a multilaterally endorsed code of conduct for responsible business conduct. The aim of this report is to assist eneterprises, governments in using the Guidelines to address corporate environmental performance. It provides detailed information about available tools and approaches including: environmental management systems; public information and stakeholder consultation; life-cycle assessment; exercising precaution; emergency prevention and preparedness; continuous improvement; education and training.
Computers at Risk
Author: National Research Council
language: en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date: 1990-02-01
Computers at Risk presents a comprehensive agenda for developing nationwide policies and practices for computer security. Specific recommendations are provided for industry and for government agencies engaged in computer security activities. The volume also outlines problems and opportunities in computer security research, recommends ways to improve the research infrastructure, and suggests topics for investigators. The book explores the diversity of the field, the need to engineer countermeasures based on speculation of what experts think computer attackers may do next, why the technology community has failed to respond to the need for enhanced security systems, how innovators could be encouraged to bring more options to the marketplace, and balancing the importance of security against the right of privacy.