Moduli Spaces Virtual Invariants And Shifted Symplectic Structures
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Moduli Spaces, Virtual Invariants and Shifted Symplectic Structures
Enumerative geometry is a core area of algebraic geometry that dates back to Apollonius in the second century BCE. It asks for the number of geometric figures with desired properties and has many applications from classical geometry to modern physics. Typically, an enumerative geometry problem is solved by first constructing the space of all geometric figures of fixed type, called the moduli space, and then finding the subspace of objects satisfying the desired properties. Unfortunately, many moduli spaces from nature are highly singular, and an intersection theory is difficult to make sense of. However, they come with deeper structures, such as perfect obstruction theories, which enable us to define nice subsets, called virtual fundamental classes. Now, enumerative numbers, called virtual invariants, are defined as integrals against the virtual fundamental classes. Derived algebraic geometry is a relatively new area of algebraic geometry that is a natural generalization of Serre’s intersection theory in the 1950s and Grothendieck’s scheme theory in the 1960s. Many moduli spaces in enumerative geometry admit natural derived structures as well as shifted symplectic structures. The book covers foundations on derived algebraic and symplectic geometry. Then, it covers foundations on virtual fundamental classes and moduli spaces from a classical algebraic geometry point of view. Finally, it fuses derived algebraic geometry with enumerative geometry and covers the cutting-edge research topics about Donaldson–Thomas invariants in dimensions three and four.
Geometry of Moduli
Author: Jan Arthur Christophersen
language: en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date: 2018-11-24
The proceedings from the Abel Symposium on Geometry of Moduli, held at Svinøya Rorbuer, Svolvær in Lofoten, in August 2017, present both survey and research articles on the recent surge of developments in understanding moduli problems in algebraic geometry. Written by many of the main contributors to this evolving subject, the book provides a comprehensive collection of new methods and the various directions in which moduli theory is advancing. These include the geometry of moduli spaces, non-reductive geometric invariant theory, birational geometry, enumerative geometry, hyper-kähler geometry, syzygies of curves and Brill-Noether theory and stability conditions. Moduli theory is ubiquitous in algebraic geometry, and this is reflected in the list of moduli spaces addressed in this volume: sheaves on varieties, symmetric tensors, abelian differentials, (log) Calabi-Yau varieties, points on schemes, rational varieties, curves, abelian varieties and hyper-Kähler manifolds.
Recent Progress on the Donaldson–Thomas Theory
This book is an exposition of recent progress on the Donaldson–Thomas (DT) theory. The DT invariant was introduced by R. Thomas in 1998 as a virtual counting of stable coherent sheaves on Calabi–Yau 3-folds. Later, it turned out that the DT invariants have many interesting properties and appear in several contexts such as the Gromov–Witten/Donaldson–Thomas conjecture on curve-counting theories, wall-crossing in derived categories with respect to Bridgeland stability conditions, BPS state counting in string theory, and others. Recently, a deeper structure of the moduli spaces of coherent sheaves on Calabi–Yau 3-folds was found through derived algebraic geometry. These moduli spaces admit shifted symplectic structures and the associated d-critical structures, which lead to refined versions of DT invariants such as cohomological DT invariants. The idea of cohomological DT invariants led to a mathematical definition of the Gopakumar–Vafa invariant, which was first proposed by Gopakumar–Vafa in 1998, but its precise mathematical definition has not been available until recently. This book surveys the recent progress on DT invariants and related topics, with a focus on applications to curve-counting theories.