Modeling Simulation And Optimization Of Fuel Cell Battery Hybrid Powertrains
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Modeling, Simulation and Optimization of Fuel Cell/battery Hybrid Powertrains
Fuel cells have emerged as one of the most promising candidates for fuel-efficient and emission-free vehicle power generation. Fuel cells are typically paired with reversible energy storage devices such as batteries or ultracapacitors to create hybrid electric powertrains. The electrification of the propulsion system and the presence of multiple onboard power sources require optimization of the hybrid system design in order to achieve good performance, high fuel economy, and enhanced component life at low cost. The overall goal of this research is to develop accurate vehicle models and conduct simulations to explore and demonstrate improvements in a fuel cell/battery hybrid bus. The first part of this thesis presents the features incorporated to improve a hybrid powertrain simulation package called Light, Fast and Modifiable (LFM). The improved LFM simulator was validated against test data acquired from various sensors onboard UD's Phase 1 fuel cell bus, and shown to be a reliable tool to simulate hybrid powertrain performance which could be used to perform design and optimization studies of future fuel cell hybrid systems. This attribute of LFM was then demonstrated by optimizing the fuel cell/battery hybrid power management by introducing a new prediction-based power management strategy. Simulation results for this strategy showed significant improvements in fuel cell system efficiency and reduction in hydrogen consumption compared to a conventional, baseline strategy of charge sustenance. A stable power request which promotes fuel cell durability was also realized with the help of this novel strategy. Finally, the benefits predicted from simulation studies were confirmed through implementation of the proposed strategy in the Phase 1 fuel cell/battery hybrid bus. It was concluded that the prediction-based strategy will lead to energy savings for transit applications. The validated LFM tool was next used to evaluate one approach to reducing battery stress by adding an ultracapacitor module, and thereby enhancing battery lifetime. Simulation of the energy storage performance showed a substantial reduction in battery current-load and energy throughput for the blended storage system, which are two of the contributing factors towards battery degradation. These results have opened up new research directions in which powertrain simulations can help in further evaluation of the blended storage concept and assess its feasibility and usefulness in electric-drive vehicles. Finally, the thermal behavior of the Altairnano LiTi battery, the future battery of UD fuel cell buses, was investigated. Preliminary experiments were conducted to understand the thermal behavior of batteries under typical operating conditions. A model was developed to predict the temperature during charging and discharging of the battery. The findings of this work should prove useful in designing effective and efficient battery thermal management systems.
Modeling and Control of Hybrid Propulsion System for Ground Vehicles
This book focuses on the systematic design of architectures, parameters and control of typical hybrid propulsion systems for wheeled and tracked vehicles based on a combination of theoretical research and engineering practice. Adopting a mechatronic system dynamics perspective, principles and methods from the fields of optimal control and system optimization are applied in order to analyze the hybrid propulsion configuration and controller design. Case investigations for typical hybrid propulsion systems of wheeled and tracked ground vehicles are also provided.
Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies for Rail Transportation (EITRT) 2021
This book reflects the latest research trends, methods and experimental results in the field of electrical and information technologies for rail transportation, which covers abundant state-of-the-art research theories and ideas. As a vital field of research that is highly relevant to current developments in a number of technological domains, the subjects it covered include intelligent computing, information processing, communication technology, automatic control, etc. The objective of the proceedings is to provide a major interdisciplinary forum for researchers, engineers, academicians and industrial professionals to present the most innovative research and development in the field of rail transportation electrical and information technologies. Engineers and researchers in academia, industry and government will also explore an insightful view of the solutions that combine ideas from multiple disciplines in this field. The volumes serve as an excellent reference work for researchers and graduate students working on rail transportation and electrical and information technologies.