Modeling Pollutant Dispersion In Urban Areas With Computational Fluid Dynamics
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Modeling Pollutant Dispersion in Urban Areas with Computational Fluid Dynamics
Pollution is a major issue for urban areas all around the world. This report reviews the recent literature on modeling and pollution dispersion in urban areas with the application of computation fluid dynamic (CFD) models. A review of atmospheric turbulence and weather conditions is provided as pertaining to dispersion modeling. When applying CFD, the modeler must specify the closure model, which could be direct numerical simulation (DNS), Reynolds average numerical simulation (RANS), or large eddy simulation (LES). A comparison of the RANS and LES models is provided. The main advantages of CFD is that it offers advanced modeling that can account for turbulence under multiple weather conditions and 3-dimensional obstructions in the flow field. The recent research focuses on how CFD can be used to predict pollution concentrations without measurement devices or physically altering an urban landscape. Multiple researchers have explored pollution dispersion near roadways, specifically modeling pollution emission and the effect of roadway barriers on pollution dispersion. Other research focused on modeling a larger portion of a city where the buildings and street canyons play an important role in the flow patterns (and the effects on pollutant dispersion) within the city. The research explores the possibility of modifying urban areas to allow for increased pollutant dispersion. The recent research shows that CFD is a powerful tool for modeling pollutant dispersion and that more research is required to take full advantage of CFD in this area.
Computational Fluid Dynamics
Author: Adela Ionescu
language: en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date: 2018-02-14
This book is the result of a careful selection of contributors in the field of CFD. It is divided into three sections according to the purpose and approaches used in the development of the contributions. The first section describes the "high-performance computing" (HPC) tools and their impact on CFD modeling. The second section is dedicated to "CFD models for local and large-scale industrial phenomena." Two types of approaches are basically contained here: one concerns the adaptation from global to local scale, - e.g., the applications of CFD to study the climate changes and the adaptations to local scale. The second approach, very challenging, is the multiscale analysis. The third section is devoted to "CFD in numerical modeling approach for experimental cases." Its chapters emphasize on the numerical approach of the mathematical models associated to few experimental (industrial) cases. Here, the impact and the importance of the mathematical modeling in CFD are focused on. It is expected that the collection of these chapters will enrich the state of the art in the CFD domain and its applications in a lot of fields. This collection proves that CFD is a highly interdisciplinary research area, which lies at the interface of physics, engineering, applied mathematics, and computer science.
Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XXVII
This book is intended as reference material for students and professors interested in air pollution modeling at the graduate level as well as researchers and professionals involved in developing and utilizing air pollution models. Current developments in air pollution modeling are explored as a series of contributions from researchers at the forefront of their field. This newest contribution on air pollution modeling and its application is focused on local, urban, regional and intercontinental modeling; emission modeling and processing; data assimilation and air quality forecasting; model assessment and evaluation; aerosol transformation. Additionally, this work also examines the relationship between air quality and human health and the effects of climate change on air quality. This work is a collection of selected papers presented at the 37th International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and its Application, held in Hamburg, Germany, September 23-27, 2019.