Measurements Of T T Spin Correlations And Top Quark Polarization Using Dilepton Final States In Pp Collisions At S
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Spin Correlations in tt Events from pp Collisions
This thesis introduces readers to the Standard Model, the top quark and its properties, before explaining the concept of spin correlation measurement. The first measurement of top quark spin correlations at the LHC in the lepton+jets decay channel is presented. As the heaviest elementary particle, the top quark plays an essential role in the Standard Model of elementary particle physics. In the case of top quarks being produced in pairs at hadron colliders, the Standard Model predicts their spins to be correlated. The degree of correlation depends on both the production mechanism and properties of the top quark. Any deviation from the Standard Model prediction can be an indicator for new physics phenomena. The thesis employs an advanced top quark reconstruction algorithm including dedicated identification of the up- and down-type quarks from the W boson decay.
First Measurement of the Running of the Top Quark Mass
Author: Matteo M. Defranchis
language: en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date: 2022-01-03
In this thesis, the first measurement of the running of the top quark mass is presented. This is a fundamental quantum effect that had never been studied before. Any deviation from the expected behaviour can be interpreted as a hint of the presence of physics beyond the Standard Model. All relevant aspects of the analysis are extensively described and documented. This thesis also describes a simultaneous measurement of the inclusive top quark-antiquark production cross section and the top quark mass in the simulation. The measured cross section is also used to precisely determine the values of the top quark mass and the strong coupling constant by comparing to state-of-the-art theoretical predictions. All the theoretical and experimental aspects relevant to the results presented in this thesis are discussed in the initial chapters in a concise but complete way, which makes the material accessible to a wider audience.
Top Quark Spin Correlations with the CMS Detector
The differential top quark precision measurements of polarizations and spin correlations presented in this dissertation may potentially lead to breakthroughs in several key areas: observing quantum entanglement and Bell's Inequality violations in a hadronic system, discovering toponium, illuminating supersymmetry, interpreting field theories beyond the Standard Model, and advancing the understanding of electroweak vacuum stability. Additionally, this thesis provides a significantly improved understanding of CMS detector lepton trigger efficiencies, which has greatly enhanced the search for Lorentz invariance violation in top quark events, boosting the sensitivity by greater than a factor of 100. Finally, the thesis includes TCAD simulations that explore the feasibility of using the initial transient induced current, as described by the Ramo-Shockley Theorem, to achieve the picosecond timing precision in silicon pixel detectors needed for four-dimensional tracking.