Malaria Methods And Protocols
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Malaria Methods and Protocols
Author: Denise L. Doolan
language: en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date: 2008-02-02
The Plasmodium spp. parasite was identified as the causative agent of malaria in 1880, and the mosquito was identified as the vector in 1897. Despite subsequent efforts focused on the epidemiology, cell biology, immunology, molecular biology, and clinical manifestations of malaria and the Plasmodium parasite, there is still no licensed vaccine for the prevention of malaria. Physical barriers (bed nets, window screens) and chemical prevention methods (insecticides and mosquito repellents) intended to interfere with the transmission of the disease are not highly effective, and the profile of resistance of the parasite to chemoprophylactic and chemotherapeutic agents is increasing. The dawn of the new millennium has seen a resurgence of interest in the disease by government and philanthropic organizations, but we are still faced with compl- ities of the parasite, the host, and the vector, and the interactions among them. Malaria Methods and Protocols offers a comprehensive collection of protocols describing conventional and state-of-the-art techniques for the study of malaria, as well as associated theory and potential problems, written by experts in the field. The major themes reflected here include assessing the risk of infection and severity of disease, laboratory models, diagnosis and typing, molecular biology techniques, immunological techniques, cell biology techniques, and field applications.
Malaria Microscopy Quality Assurance Manual - Version 2
Author: World Health Organization
language: en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date: 2016-04-05
The first version of the WHO Malaria microscopy quality assurance manual (2009) was based on recommendations made at a series of informal consultations organized by WHO particularly a bi-regional meeting of the WHO regional offices for South-East Asia and the Western Pacific in April 2005 in Kuala Lumpur Malaysia followed by informal consultations held in March 2006 and February 2008 in Geneva Switzerland. Subsequently extensive consultations among international malaria experts led to consensus and preparation of the manual. This second version of the Manual is based on the recommendations of experts made at a WHO technical consultation in March 2014 in Geneva Switzerland. The aim of the meeting was to review the experiences of national malaria control programmes (NMCPs) national reference laboratories (NRLs) and technical agencies in using the Manual and country experience in order to improve systems for managing the quality of malaria microscopy. This second version takes into account the many years of experience of several agencies in the various aspects of quality assurance (QA) described in the Manual. In particular the sections on assessment of competence in malaria microscopy are based on use of this method by the WHO regional offices for South-East Asia and the Western Pacific in collaboration with the WHO Coordinating Centre for Malaria in Australia and by the WHO Regional Office for Africa in collaboration with Amref Health Africa. The section on setting up and managing an international reference malaria slide bank is based on the work of the WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific in collaboration with the WHO Coordinating Centre for Malaria Diagnosis in the Philippines. The section on proficiency testing for malaria microscopy is based on work in the WHO Regional Office for Africa in collaboration with the National Institute for Communicable Diseases in South Africa and experience in regional initiatives by Amref Health Africa. The section on slide validation is based on work by Médecins sans Frontières and the section on outreach training and supportive supervision (OTSS) is based on work by the President's Malaria Initiative Malaria Care Project Medical Care Development International and Amref Health Africa. The Manual is designed primarily to assist managers of NMCPs and general laboratory services responsible for malaria control. The information is also applicable to nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and funding agencies involved in improving quality management systems for malaria microscopy. The Manual is not designed for QA of microscopy in research situations such as in clinical trials of new drugs and vaccines or for monitoring parasite drug resistance. It forms part of a series of WHO documents designed to assist countries in improving the quality of malaria diagnosis in clinical settings including the revised training manuals on Basic malaria microscopy (2010) and the Bench aids for malaria microscopy (2010).
Malaria Control and Elimination
This detailed book serves to provide a global overview of the goals, rationale, and scientific basis for malaria control and elimination, as well as tools, methods, and strategies to that end. Opening with a section on malaria epidemiology, the volume continues by covering tools that are critical to malaria management, anti-malarial drugs and resistance to these drugs, vaccination approaches against malaria, vector control, as well as some perspective on the future of the fight against this devastating disease. Written for the highly successful Method in Molecular Biology series, chapters in this collection feature the kind of practical, hands-on advice that leads to better results in the field. Authoritative and important, Malaria Control and Elimination is a valuable reference for all those involved in malaria control and elimination worldwide, from students to health practitioners and field researchers seeking to make eradication a reality wherever possible.