M R Beast Hindi

The Horror in Hindi Cinema

The book offers a lively and detailed analysis of the ideological subtext of Hindi Horror cinema. It unearths its codes and conventions, its relationship to spectatorship, the genre’s conjunctions and departures from Hollywood, and the unique features of Hindi horror. It posits the Hindi horror genre as a project of / for the ‘nation’ in the making. Analysing films from Mahal (1948) to Bhediya (2022), this book uncovers narrative strategies, frames unique approaches of investigation, and reviews the transformation taking place within the genre. It argues that Hindi horror cinema lies at the intersection of myths, competing ideologies, dominant socio-religious thoughts revealing three major strands of narrative constructs, each corresponding to the way the nation has been imagined at different times in post-colonial India. It establishes a theoretical framework of Hindi horror cinema, and demonstrates for the first time how this genre, with its subsets, provides a means to contemplate the nation. This volume will be useful to students, researchers and faculty members working in mass communication, journalism, political science, film studies, political sociology, gender / women studies, Culture studies and post-colonial Indian politics. It will also be an invaluable and interesting reading for those interested in South Asian popular culture studies.

Urdu/Hindi: An Artificial Divide

In a blow against the British Empire, Khan suggests that London artificially divided India's Hindu and Muslim populations by splitting their one language in two, then burying the evidence in obscure scholarly works outside the public view. All language is political -- and so is the boundary between one language and another. The author analyzes the origins of Urdu, one of the earliest known languages, and propounds the iconoclastic views that Hindi came from pre-Aryan Dravidian and Austric-Munda, not from Aryan's Sanskrit (which, like the Indo-European languages, Greek and Latin, etc., are rooted in the Middle East/Mesopotamia, not in Europe). Hindi's script came from the Aramaic system, similar to Greek, and in the 1800s, the British initiated the divisive game of splitting one language in two, Hindi (for the Hindus) and Urdu (for the Muslims). These facts, he says, have been buried and nearly lost in turgid academic works. Khan bolsters his hypothesis with copious technical linguistic examples. This may spark a revolution in linguistic history! Urdu/Hindi: An Artificial Divide integrates the out of Africa linguistic evolution theory with the fossil linguistics of Middle East, and discards the theory that Sanskrit descended from a hypothetical proto-IndoEuropean language and by degeneration created dialects, Urdu/Hindi and others. It shows that several tribes from the Middle East created the hybrid by cumulative evolution. The oldest groups, Austric and Dravidian, starting 8000 B.C. provided the grammar/syntax plus about 60% of vocabulary, S.K.T. added 10% after 1500 B.C. and Arabic/Persian 20-30% after A.D. 800. The book reveals Mesopotamia as the linguistic melting pot of Sumerian, Babylonian, Elamite, Hittite-Hurrian-Mitanni, etc., with a common script and vocabularies shared mutually and passed on to I.E., S.K.T., D.R., Arabic and then to Hindi/Urdu; in fact the author locates oldest evidence of S.K.T. in Syria. The book also exposes the myths of a revealed S.K.T. or Hebrew and the fiction of linguistic races, i.e. Aryan, Semitic, etc. The book supports the one world concept and reveals the potential of Urdu/Hindi to unite all genetic elements, races and regions of the Indo-Pakistan sub-continent. This is important reading not only for those interested to understand the divisive exploitation of languages in British-led India's partition, but for those interested in: - The science and history of origin of Urdu/Hindi (and other languages) - The false claims of linguistic races and creation - History of Languages and Scripts - Language, Mythology and Racism - Ancient History and Fossil Languages - British Rule and India's Partition.

CTET English & Hindi Language 9 Year-wise Solved Papers 1 & 2