Limit Operators And Their Applications In Operator Theory

Limit Operators and Their Applications in Operator Theory

Limit Operators and Their Applications in Operator Theory

This text has two goals. It describes a topic: band and band-dominated operators and their Fredholm theory, and it introduces a method to study this topic: limit operators. Band-dominated operators. Let H = [2(Z) be the Hilbert space of all squared summable functions x : Z -+ Xi provided with the norm 2 2 X IIxl1 :=L I iI . iEZ It is often convenient to think of the elements x of [2(Z) as two-sided infinite sequences (Xi)iEZ. The standard basis of [2(Z) is the family of sequences (ei)iEZ where ei = (. . . ,0,0, 1,0,0, . . . ) with the 1 standing at the ith place. Every bounded linear operator A on H can be described by a two-sided infinite matrix (aij)i,jEZ with respect to this basis, where aij = (Aej, ei)' The band operators on H are just the operators with a matrix representation of finite band-width, i. e. , the operators for which aij = 0 whenever Ii - jl > k for some k. Operators which are in the norm closure ofthe algebra of all band operators are called band-dominated. Needless to say that band and band dominated operators appear in numerous branches of mathematics. Archetypal examples come from discretizations of partial differential operators. It is easy to check that every band operator can be uniquely written as a finite sum L dkVk where the d are multiplication operators (i. e.

Quadrature Domains and Their Applications

Quadrature domains were singled out about 30 years ago by D. Aharonov and H.S. Shapiro in connection with an extremal problem in function theory. Since then, a series of coincidental discoveries put this class of planar domains at the center of crossroads of several quite independent mathematical theories, e.g., potential theory, Riemann surfaces, inverse problems, holomorphic partial differential equations, fluid mechanics, operator theory. The volume is devoted to recent advances in the theory of quadrature domains, illustrating well the multi-facet aspects of their nature. The book contains a large collection of open problems pertaining to the general theme of quadrature domains.