Let Us Understand Mathematics Class 4
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LET US UNDERSTAND MATHEMATICS CLASS 4
This is part of a revised series of books based on research on the teaching of mathematics for class 4 in India earlier published on www.vidyaonline.net. This covers the NCERT syllabus for class 4. The focus here is on laying a foundation for further learning of mathematics and understanding of concepts and procedures. Concepts are presented by videos, manipulatives, pictures, real-world situations, spoken and written words, and symbols. Automaticity (answering without thinking) of multiplication and division facts are emphasized. The teachers should provide more practice if necessary for mastery of the concepts, and procedures and use situations for exercises that are familiar to the children in the class. Ample opportunities are provided for applications of mathematics to real-world situations, reasoning, communication, and problem solving. The schools that can afford should provide concrete manipulatives such as counters, geometrical models, tangram pieces, blocks, geoboards, balances, fraction pieces, graphs, scissors, ropes. The schools that cannot afford teachers and/or students can make some of these and improvise for others. For example, they can make tangram pieces, 3-D models, balance, use dot paper for Geoboard, draw small circles for counters, use fraction chart for fraction pieces. Some activity sheets are provided that can be removed and used. Answers to selected exercises are provided.
Let us Understand Mathematics-Class 5
I obtained an M.Sc.(Mathematics) from Delhi University, an M.S.(Statistics) from Stanford University, and a Ph.D.(Education) from Stanford University. I have taught Mathematics at the undergraduate level in a college, and Statistics, Research Methods, and Psychometrics at the graduate level at the National Institute of Education(India) and Delhi University. I have published several papers on Mathematics Education and Evaluation in journals and a book series on vidyaonline.org(an earlier version of the series under preparation of which the present book is a part), co-authored a book The Depedability of Behavioral Measurements published by John Wiley and Sons. and a report on Development and Uses of Question Bank illustrated by a Question Bank in Statistics, Delhi University. I retired from Delhi University as a Research Scientist C(Professor level)
Let us understand Mathematics-Class 3
This is part of a series of books based on the NCERT syllabus and research on the teaching of mathematics for class 3. This is part of a revised series of books on mathematics for class 3 in India earlier published on www.vidyaonline.net. The focus here is on an understanding of concepts and procedures necessary for further learning and problem solving. The concepts are presented by videos, manipulatives, pictures, real-world situations, spoken and written words, and symbols. Exercises are provided for translation from one mode to another, reasoning, communication, and applications to real-life and problem solving. Automaticity (answering without thinking) of addition, multiplication, subtraction, and division facts are emphasized. The teachers should provide more practice if necessary for mastery of number facts and procedures. The schools that can afford should provide manipulatives such as counters, geometrical models, tangram pieces, blocks, geoboards, dot papers, balances, scissors. In schools with a paucity of resources teachers and/or students can make models. Children can bring from home sticks, small boxes, pipes, scissors. Exercises with manipulatives and oral work are included to facilitate the teacher’s work. Answers to selected exercises are provided.