Law Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors
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Law Question Bank UGC NTA NET Assistant Professors
Author: Mocktime Publication
language: en
Publisher: by Mocktime Publication
Release Date: 101-01-01
Chpater 1. Nature and sources of law, alongside schools of jurisprudence. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 2. Law and morality, encompassing the concept of rights and duties and legal personality. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 3. Concepts of property, ownership and possession, linked with the concept of liability. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 4. Law, poverty and development, considered with global justice, modernism and post-modernism. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 5. Preamble, fundamental rights and duties, directive principles of state policy. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 6. Union and State executive and their interrelationship, and Union and State legislature and distribution of legislative powers. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 7. The Judiciary, emergency provisions, temporary, transitional and special provisions in respect of certain states, and the Election Commission of India. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 8. Nature, scope and importance of administrative law, the principle of natural justice, and judicial review of administrative actions – Grounds. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 9. International law – Definition, nature and basis, and sources of International law. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 10. Recognition of states and governments; Nationality, immigrants, refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs); Extradition and asylum. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 11. The United Nations and its organs, settlement of international disputes, and the World Trade Organization (WTO). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 12. International humanitarian law (IHL) - Conventions and protocols, and the implementation of IHL - Challenges. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 13. General principles of criminal liability – Actus reus and mens rea, individual and group liability and constructive liability, along with stages of crime and inchoate crimes - Abetment, criminal conspiracy and attempt. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 14. General exceptions to criminal liability, offences against human body, and offences against state and terrorism. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 15. Offences against property, offences against women and children, drug trafficking and counterfeiting, and offences against public tranquility. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 16. Theories and kinds of punishments, and compensation to the victims of crime. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 17. Nature and definition of tort, general principles of tortious liability, and general defenses. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 18. Specific torts – Negligence, nuisance, trespass and defamation; Remoteness of damages; Strict and absolute liability; and Tortious liability of the State. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 19. The Consumer Protection Act 1986 - Definitions, consumer rights and redressal mechanism. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 20. The Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 - No fault liability, third party insurance and claims tribunal, and The Competition Act, 2002 - Prohibition of certain agreements, abuse of dominant position and regulation of combinations. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 21. Essential elements of contract and e-contract; Breach of contract, frustration of contract, void and voidable agreements; Standard form of contract and quasi-contract. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 22. Specific contracts - Bailment, pledge, indemnity, guarantee and agency, and the Sale of Goods Act, 1930. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 23. Partnership and limited liability partnership, and the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 24. Company law – Incorporation of a company, prospectus, shares and debentures; Company law – Directors and meetings; and Corporate social responsibility. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 25. Sources and schools of family law; Marriage and dissolution of marriage; Matrimonial remedies - Divorce and theories of divorce; and Changing dimensions of institution of marriage – Live-in relationship. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 26. Recognition of foreign decrees in India on marriage and divorce, alongside maintenance, dower and stridhan. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 27. Adoption, guardianship and acknowledgement; Succession and inheritance; Will, gift and wakf. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 28. The Uniform Civil Code. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 29. Meaning and concept of ‘environment’ and ‘environmental pollution’; International environmental law and UN Conferences; and the Constitutional and legal framework for protection of environment in India. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 30. Environmental Impact Assessment and control of hazardous waste in India, and the National Green Tribunal. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 31. Concept and development of human rights, universalism and cultural relativism, and the International Bill of Rights. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 32. Group rights – Women, children, persons with disabilities, elderly persons, minorities and weaker sections, and the protection and enforcement of human rights in India – National Human Rights Commission, National Commission for Minorities, National Commission for Women, National Commission for Scheduled Castes, National Commission for Schedule Tribes and National Commission for Backward Classes. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 33. Concept and meaning of intellectual property, theories of intellectual property, and International conventions pertaining to intellectual properties. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 34. Copyright and neighboring rights – Subject matters, limitations and exceptions, infringement and remedies; Law of patent – Patentability, procedure for grant of patent, limitations and exceptions, infringement and remedies; and Law of trademark – Registration of trademarks, kinds of trademarks, infringement and passing off, remedies. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 35. Protection of Geographical Indications, and Bio-diversity and Traditional Knowledge. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 36. Information technology law- digital signature and electronic signature, electronic governance, electronic records and duties of subscribers, alongside Cyber crimes, penalties and adjudication. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 37. Comparative Law – Relevance, methodology, problems and concerns in Comparison, and forms of governments – Presidential and parliamentary, unitary and federal. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 38. Models of federalism – USA, Canada and India; Rule of Law – ‘Formal’ and ‘substantive’ versions; and Separation of powers – India, UK, USA and France. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 39. Independence of judiciary, judicial activism and accountability – India, UK and USA; Systems of constitutional review – India, USA, Switzerland and France; and Amendment of the Constitution – India, USA and South Africa. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law) Chpater 40. Ombudsman –Sweden, UK and India, and Open Government and Right to Information - USA, UK and India. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Law)
Human Rights And Duties Question Bank UGC NTA NET Assistant Professors
Author: Mocktime Publication
language: en
Publisher: by Mocktime Publication
Release Date: 101-01-01
Chpater 1. Foundational Concepts and Human Values: The Basic Concepts (Individual, Group, State, Non-State Actors, Civil Society, Liberty, Freedom, Equality, Rights, Justice) and Human Values (Humanity, Compassion, Virtues, Human Dignity and Human Duties). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 2. Nature and Debates in Human Rights: Human rights as universal, inherent, inalienable rights and moral rights; the debate of Universal human rights vs. Cultural Relativism, the Naturalist-Positivists Debate, and the concept of Different Generations of Human Rights. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 3. Indian and Liberal Perspectives: Indian Concepts (Raj Neeti, LokNeeti, DandaNeeti, Nyaya, Dharma) and the Liberal Perspective on human rights (Locke, Rousseau, Thomas Paine, J.S. Mill, Classical Liberalism, Neo-liberalism). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 4. Critical and Diverse Perspectives: Marxian Perspective (Marx, Gramsci, Rosa Luxemberg), Gandhian Perspective (Ruskin, Thoreau, Tolstoy) on State, Power, Swaraj, Rights and Duties, Dalit Perspective (Phule, Narayna Guru, Ambedkar), Religious Perspectives, and Feminist Perspective. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 5. Early Evolution of Human Rights: Human Rights in Ancient Thoughts, Human Rights in Middle Ages, including Magna Carta. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 6. Modern Human Rights Movements and Philosophical Underpinnings: The Modern Movement of Human rights, Lockean Philosophy: Theory of Natural Rights, the American Declaration of Independence, American Bill of Rights, The French Revolution and its goals of Liberty, Equality and Fraternity, Marxist Revolutions, Anti-Colonial Movements, and the Freedom Movement in India. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 7. Universal Declaration and Core International Conventions: International Standard Setting—Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) and its Impact of the UDHR on the Constitutions of the „New? States; UN Sponsored or „Core? International Conventions on Human Rights: International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR), Convention on the Elimination of ALL Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW), Convention against Torture, Rights of Child Convention, Convention on the Rights of Migrant workers, Convention against Racial Discrimination (CRD), Convention on Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 8. State Responsibility and Key Declarations: State Responsibility for Protection of Human Rights: The Concept of the “Responsibility to Protect”; the Vienna Declaration on Human Rights 1993; the Helsinki Declaration; and the ASEAN Declaration. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 9. Social Structures, Values, and Modernizing Forces: Impact of Social Structure on Human Behaviour; Role of Socializations in Human Values, Human Rights and Duties; and the effects of Science and Technology, Modernization, Globalization and Dehumanization. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 10. Stratification, Discrimination, and Vulnerable Groups (Women and Children): Social Stratification: Racial and Caste Prejudice and Discrimination; Human Rights Issues of Weaker Sections and Ethnic Minorities; Women: Gender Discrimination, Domestic Violence and Offences against Women; Gender Sensitive Laws; and Children: Child Abuse, Child Labour, Street Children. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 11. Social Problems, Poverty, and Deprivation: Social Structure and Social Problems: Social and Communal Conflicts and Social Harmony; Rural Poverty, Unemployment, Bonded Labour, Modern Forms of Slavery; and Urban Poverty, Slums, Lack of Basic Civil Amenities, Sex Workers. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 12. Rights of Specific Vulnerable Populations and Major Human Rights Challenges: Rights of Refugees, Rights of Indigenous People, Aged Persons, Migrant Workers and Human Rights Violations, Human Rights of Persons with Disabilities (PwDs) under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 Rights of Displaced Persons; and Challenges in Human Rights: Religious Fundamentalism, Terrorism, Underdevelopment, Human trafficking International Crimes. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 13. The Evolving State and its Relationship with Human Rights: The Changing Nature of State with Special Reference to the Developing Countries, encompassing Soft State, Interventionist State, Welfare State, Repressive State, and Political Regimes and Human Rights. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 14. Technology, International Politics, and Global Order in Human Rights: Impact of Science and Technology on Human Rights and Duties; Human Rights and International Politics: Emergence of a New Global Order— Tehran Conference (1968)—Vienna Conference (1993). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 15. International Law for Protection and Accountability: International Humanitarian Law: 1949 Geneva Conventions and Additional Protocols of 1977—International Red Cross Society and International Criminal Tribunals (Rwanda and Former Yugoslavia) and the International Criminal Court (ICC). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 16. Sovereignty, Self-Determination, and Citizen Action: International Intervention: The Question of Nation-State, Citizenship and Sovereignty; the Right of Self-Determination: Autonomous Movements, Secessionist Movements; and Grassroots Movements and Human Rights. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 17. United Nations Framework for Human Rights: UN: Establishment, Objectives, and the Charter Provisions, along with its UN Principal Organs: General Assembly, Economic and Social Council, Security Council. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 18. Key UN Human Rights Bodies and Specialized Agencies: Subsidiary Organ: Human Rights Council, The Human Rights Council Advisory Committee, UN High Commissioner for Human Rights; and Specialized Agencies: UNICEF, UNESCO, ILO, WHO. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 19. UN Commissions and International NGOs: UN High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR), UN Commission on the Status of Women; and INGOs such as the International Commission of Jurists (ICJ), Amnesty International (AI), Human Rights Watch, Greenpeace. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 20. National Human Rights Organizations in India: People?s Union for Civil Liberties (PUCL), People?s Union for Democratic Rights (PUDR) and Other Civil and Democratic Rights Organizations in India. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 21. Development Models, Sustainability, and Environmental Declarations: Models of Development: Growth Approach, Basic Needs Approach, Sustainable Human Development, Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, 1992, Rio +20, Conservation of Natural Resources, Agenda 21, Bio-Diversity Convention 1992. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 22. Globalization, Information Age, and Economic Strategies: Globalization and Human Rights: Dynamics of Globalization, Emergence of Market Forces, Assertion of Civil Society, Retreat of State, Privatization, Liberalization; Emergence of Information Age; and Economic Growth Strategies (Developing Countries): Implications for Poverty Eradication, Employment issues, Planned Development and Social Inequality. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 23. WTO, Intellectual Property, and TNCs: World Trade Organization: Implication for Human Rights, Impact on Developing Countries with special reference to India; Intellectual Property Rights: Patents Law, Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), Trade Related Investment Measures (TRIMS), General Agreement on Trade and Services (GATS), Agreement On Agriculture (AOA); and Transnational Corporations (TNCs) and Human Rights Situation in Developing Countries. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 24. Right to Development and Rights of Marginalized Groups in India: Right to Development: The Third World Concerns, Working Group Recommendations, UNDP—initiatives, UN Declaration on the Right to development; State and Development of the Marginalized/Disadvantaged Groups in India: The Poor, the Unemployed and the Socially Dislocated People; and Workers? Rights, Minimum Wages Act—Problems of Implementation, Right to Security of Food, Health, Education. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 25. Collective Social Action and Resource Management: Need for Collective Action in Developing Societies and Methods of Social Action; and Land, Water and Forest Issues with special reference to India. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 26. Diverse Social and Reform Movements: Social Movements: Political, Social and Religious Reform; Backward Class, Dalit and Women Movements; and Agrarian and Peasant Movements. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 27. National Commissions and Environmental Rights Advocacy: National Commission for Women, Children, Minorities, Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes; the Right to a Healthy Environment, the Principle of Sustainable Development, and Ecological and Environment Movements. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 28. Role of Civil Society and NGOs: Civil Societies and NGOs, NGOs of India. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 29. Foundations and Vision of the Indian Constitution: Indian Civilization: Change and Continuity; Indian Constitution: Freedom Movement and Indian Constitution: Sociological Foundation; and the Constitutional Vision of Role of the State. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 30. Constitutional Guarantees of Freedom and Justice: Constitutional Vision of Freedom: Fundamental Rights and the International standards; and Constitutional Vision of Justice: Directive Principles of State Policy and international standards. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 31. Judicial Role in Upholding Human Rights: Public Interest Litigation (PIL), Indian Judiciary and Human Rights, and Judicial Interpretations: Landmark Judgments. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 32. Constitutional Amendments and Fundamental Duties: Constitutional Amendments and Fundamental Duties. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 33. Principles and Structures of Constitutional Governance: Rule of law, Good Governance; and Constitutional Organs: Inter-and intra-Relationships/Conflict and Cooperation. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 34. Rights, Repressive Laws, and National Emergency: Fundamental Rights and Repressive Laws: Preventive Detention and Anti- Terrorist Legislations, Armed Forces Special Power Act; and Imposition of National Emergency: The Societal Experience. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 35. Criminal Justice, Socio-Economic Rights, and Weaker Sections: The Criminal Justice System: Crime, Punishment and Human Rights with Special Reference to IPC &Cr. P.C.and Indian Evidence Act; Economic, Social and Cultural Rights: The Directive Principles of State Policy: The Question of Effectiveness and Enforcement; their relationship with Fundamental Rights; and Legislation for the Weaker Sections: The Questions of Enforcement. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 36. Law Enforcement, Human Rights Mechanisms, and Education: Law Enforcing Agencies: Police, Military and Para-Military Forces—Emerging Experience; Human Rights Enforcement: The Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993, NHRC, State Human Rights Commissions, Human Rights Courts; and Human Rights Education: Problems and Prospects. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 37. UN Treaty-Based Human Rights Enforcement Mechanisms: Treaty Bodies under the „Core? Human Rights Conventions: General Overview; and “Universal Periodic Review” and “Special Procedures”. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 38. Key UN Human Rights Committees: Human Rights Committee (HRC); Committee on Economic and Social Rights (CESCR); and Committee on Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 39. Regional Human Rights Enforcement in Europe and the Americas: European Court of Human Rights (ECHR); Inter-American Commission on Human Rights; and Inter-American Court of Human Rights. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties) Chpater 40. Regional Human Rights Enforcement in Africa: African Commission on Human and Peoples? Rights; and African Court of Justice and Human rights 2008. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Human Rights And Duties)
Forensic Science Question Bank UGC NTA NET Assistant Professors
Author: Mocktime Publication
language: en
Publisher: by Mocktime Publication
Release Date: 101-01-01
Chpater 1. Forensic Science Fundamentals: Definition, History & Development, Scope, Ethics in Forensic Science, and Concept of quality control management in Forensic institutions. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 2. Physical & Trace Evidence Management: Physical Evidence: Nature, Types, Search methods, Collection, Preservation, Packing & Forwarding of Physical & Trace evidence for forensic analyses, and Chain of Custody. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 3. Crime Scene and Initial Investigations: Crime Scene: Nature, Types, Preservation of Scene of Crime; and Criminal Investigations involving Unnatural deaths, Criminal assaults, Sexual offences, Poisoning, Vehicular accidents. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 4. Legal Framework for Forensic Experts: Courts: Types, powers, jurisdiction, Admissibility of evidence in Courts, Definition of Experts, Provisions in Cr.P.C.,1973 & Indian Evidence Act relating to experts & their reports. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 5. Court Procedures and Forensic Organizations: Court Procedures pertaining to Expert Testimony & Witness; Organization of Forensic Science Laboratories of Centre and State, NCRB and NICFS. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 6. Constitutional Rights and Investigative Profiling: Fundamental Rights: Right of Equality (Articles 14 to 18) and Right of Freedom (Articles 19 to 22) as per Constitution of India; Criminal Profiling: Profile of victim and culprit, its role in crime investigation. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 7. Advanced Investigative Techniques: Lie detection (Polygraphy), Narco analysis, Brain mapping, including their scope and limitations. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 8. Microscopic Examination Techniques: Microscopy: Polarizing, Comparison, Stereoscopic, Fluorescent and Electron Microscopes. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 9. Spectrophotometric and Activation Analysis: Spectrophotometry: UV, Visible, IR, Raman, Atomic absorption, Emission; and Neutron Activation Analysis. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 10. X-ray Based Techniques and Mass Spectroscopy: X – rays and x-ray based techniques such as XRD, XRF; and Mass Spectroscopy. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 11. Chromatographic and Hyphenated Analytical Methods: Chromatographic Techniques: TLC, GLC, HPLC, HPTLC; and Hyphenated Techniques: GC-MS, LC-MS, IR-MS and ICP-MS. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 12. Electrophoretic and Immunoassay Techniques: Electrophoresis: High and Low voltage electrophoresis, Immunoelectrophoresis; and Immunoassays: Principle, Types, Techniques and applications. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 13. Blood Evidence Analysis: Detection and Identification of Blood stains, Determination of Species of Origin, Blood Group Systems, and Techniques of Determination of Blood groups of Blood Stains. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 14. Body Fluid Analysis and Serology: Detection of Seminal and other body fluids and their Blood Grouping, Red cells Enzymes, and Serum Proteins of forensic significance. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 15. Parentage and Genetic Identification: Disputed Paternity & Maternity; DNA: Structure, DNA as genetic marker, DNA Extraction and Profiling Techniques. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 16. Advanced DNA Applications and Wildlife Forensics: DNA Phenotyping and RNA Profiling & their applications; Wild life Forensics: Wild life (Protection) Act,1972, Scope, Evidences and Identification. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 17. Alcohol and Illicit Liquor Analysis: Analysis of Ethyl alcohol in beverages, liquors, biological fluids and breath; Analysis of Methanol and Denaturants; and Illicit liquors. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 18. Trap Case Chemicals and Drug Analysis: Analysis of Chemicals in Trap Cases; Metabolism and Chemical examination of: Insecticides & Pesticides, Tranquillizers & Sedatives, Hypnotics Stimulants, Narcotics, Opiates, Drugs of abuse, including Analyses of above and their Toxicity. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 19. Poisons Examination: Examination of Plant poisons and Metallic Poisons. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 20. Toxicological Extraction and Identification: Extraction, Isolation & Clean-up procedures, and Identification of common poisons from viscera, tissues and body fluids. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 21. Firearms and Ammunition Fundamentals: Fire arms: Types, Classification, Ammunition and their Compositions. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 22. Forensic Firearms Examination: Forensic examination of Firearms, Ammunition, Firearms’ projectiles (Bullets, Shots, Slug etc.), Shell case. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 23. Gunshot Residue and Ballistics Concepts: Gunshot residues analysis; Concept of Velocity, Penetration, Dispersion, Ricochet, Accidental Discharge, Determination of Range in firearm cases. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 24. Specialized Firearm Examinations and Ballistics: Examination of Country made firearms; Basics of Internal, External and Terminal Ballistics. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 25. Tool Marks and Mark Restoration: Tool marks: Meaning, Types and Examination; Restoration of Erased Markings on Metal Surfaces. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 26. Arson and Explosives Analysis: Fire and Arson: Analyses of Petroleum Products and other incendiary materials; Explosives: Definition, Types and Analyses. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 27. Bomb and Explosion Scene Investigation: Bombs: Country made bombs, Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs) and their examination; Investigation in Explosion and Arson related cases. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 28. Forensic Photography: Photography: Types, application in criminal investigation & Forensic evidence examination. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 29. Microtrace Evidence - Hair, Fibers, Pollen, Diatoms: Hair & Fibers: Nature, Types, Structure and Examination; Pollens and Diatoms: Their application in Forensic investigation. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 30. Microtrace Evidence - Dust, Soil, Paint, Lacquer, Varnishes: Dust & Soil: Nature, Types, Forensic Examination; Paint, Lacquer & Varnishes: Nature, composition and forensic examination. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 31. Microtrace Evidence - Glass, Cement, Mortar, Concrete: Glass: Composition, Types, Fractures, Examination; Cement, Mortar and Concrete: General Composition, Forensic Analysis. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 32. Digital Forensics - Computers and Mobile Devices: Computer Forensics: Introduction, Types of Computer crimes, Digital evidence- Seizure, Acquisition and Forensic examination; Mobile Phone Forensics. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 33. Fingerprint Analysis: Fingerprints: History, Characteristics, Types, Classification, Preservation, Development, Lifting and Comparison, Examination of Chance Prints, Computerization of Fingerprints, AFIS. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 34. Track Marks and Biometric Identification: Track Marks: Foot Prints, Shoe Prints, Tire Marks, Their Preservation & Casting, Comparison, Skid marks. Gait pattern; Biometric Systems of Identification and its relevance. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 35. Voice Analysis Techniques: Voice Analysis: Introduction, Significance, Structure of Human Voice apparatus, Voice spectrography, Voice analysis, Legal aspects and limitations. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 36. Document Examination Basics and Alterations: Documents: Definition, Types, Preliminary examination of documents; Reproduction of documents through photographic and mechanical means and their examination; Examination of Alterations such as Erasures, Obliterations & Additions; Indentations, Secret writings and Charred documents. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 37. Materials Analysis in Document Examination: Inks, Papers and their scientific examinations with modern methods; Age of documents; Examination of Typescripts, Printed matter including currency notes and lottery tickets. Mechanical impressions. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 38. Handwriting Analysis: Hand writings: Class and Individual characteristics of Handwritings, Factors affecting handwritings, Standard samples for comparison, Comparison of hand-written texts; Anonymous and disguised writings. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 39. Signature Forgery and Secure Document Examination: Identification of hand writings, signatures, detection of forged signature and forgeries; Examination of Credit Cards and Similar materials. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science) Chpater 40. Medicolegal Death Investigation and Bodily Evidence: Modes & Manner of deaths, Sexual offences and its medicolegal importance, Amendments in law related to sexual offences; Post – mortem examination and Post – mortem changes, Estimation of time since death; Injuries & Wounds: Types, Medicolegal importance, Gunshot wounds; Determination of Species of Origin, Sex, Age, Stature, and individual identification through skeletal remains; Identification through Skull superimposition and facial reconstruction; Human dentition, Type of teeth, determination of Age, Bite marks; Forensic Entomology: Introduction, Insects of forensic importance, Insects on Carrion, Forensic applications. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Forensic Science)