L Ennui Meaning
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Boredom: The Elephant in the Room
When cases of domestic violence spiked during the COVID-19 lockdowns, terror spread among potential victims, while governments that enforced the isolation seemed helpless to address the damages. Vulnerable partners, children, and parents were hostage to possible perpetrators, given the risks of retaliation at home and the danger of death by contamination in shelters. The alarm raises questions about under-examined triggers for violence against others and oneself. One common trigger is boredom. It is the elephant in the room, a known stressor in institutional settings–schools, prisons, and military installations–and otherwise out of focus despite the ubiquity of gender-based violence. Detecting the ravages of boredom in apparently safe domestic settings hints at a range of meanings for the word and a web of personal and collective dysfunctions, including anxiety, depression, feelings of worthlessness and anomie. Conventional remedies for these challenges do not address the escalating rates of violence to oneself and to others. Their evident ineffectiveness during the crisis laid bare structural flaws in standard human development strategies which span home and school environments, the law, and approaches to mental health. A major flaw has been the narrow perspectives of one or another discipline, when the dangers are interrelated and demand multidisciplinary approaches. Chronic violence and alarming rates of depression, before, during, and after the pandemic, show failures of predictable perspectives and their recommendations even in “normal” conditions. The question of how authorities should react to harm done begs the question of how to prevent harm from happening. Prevention–rather than punishment for crimes or treatment for pathologies–has become a preferred approach for both legal and clinical interventions. To stop violence before it irrupts requires investigation into its causes, because treating the effects of aggression–evacuating victims, punishing perpetrators, counselling patients–addresses symptoms rather than diseases. Why was the lockdown a time of increased domestic violence? What accounts for recent spikes in teen suicides? What are the existing and possible tools for measuring boredom? Answers from experts stay within foreseeable observations about the loss of jobs, the increase of alcoholism, social media addiction, and psychological stress. These familiar answers do not lead beyond the description of pathological patterns. But different approaches may follow from attending to the under-examined danger of having nothing to do.
Meaning and Melancholy in the Thought of Emmanuel Levinas
Author: Stine Holte
language: en
Publisher: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
Release Date: 2014-11-19
Although considered as one of the 20th century most central ethical thinkers, Emmanuel Levinas claimed that his task was not to construct an ethics, but to seek the meaning of the ethical. In this study Stine Holte examines the problem of ethical meaning in Levinas' thinking and shows how the articulation of the ethical implies notions like trauma, melancholy, and shame, and hence a questioning of what we normally regard as meaningful.
Essays on Boredom and Modernity
The past thirty years saw a growing academic interest in the phenomenon of boredom. If initially the analyses were mostly a-historical, now the historicity of boredom is widely recognised, though often it is taken as evidence of its permanence as a constant "quality" of the human condition, expression of a metaphysical malady inherent to the fact of being human. New trends in the literature focus on the peculiar relationship between boredom and modernity and attempt to embrace the new social, cultural and political factors which provoked the epochal change of modernity and relate them to a change in the parameters of human experience and the crisis of subjectivity. The very changes that characterise modernity are the same that led to the "democratisation" of boredom: modernity and boredom are shown to be inextricably connected and inseparable. This volume aims at contributing to the growing body of literature on boredom with a number of essays which reflect on the connection of boredom and modernity and focus on particular texts, authors, or aspects of the phenomenon. The approach is multidisciplinary, in keeping with the pervasiveness of the phenomenon in our culture and societies, with essays reflecting on philosophy, literature, film, media and psychology.