Intestinal Microecology
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Xenobiotics, Gut Microbiota, and Chronic Disease
Mounting evidence has shown that the gut microbiota plays an essential role in human health and diseases and has been considered as therapeutic target in various chronic diseases. The diversity and composition of the gut microbiota could be affected by many factors, including xenobiotics, which are chemicals normally not present in the environment of living organisms. The xenobiotics include, but not limited to, dietary components, food additives, chemicals generated during food processing such as heterocyclic amines during cooking meet., emerging environmental pollutants detected in food such as microplastics. The relationship between xenobiotics and gut microbiota is bidirectional. On one hand, xenobiotics could influence the composition and abundance of the gut microbiota, as well as the activities of microbial enzymes. On the other hand, the gut metagenome has a vast metabolizing potential on a range of xenobiotics, in either potentially beneficial or harmful ways. The interactions between xenobiotics and the gut microbiota need to be considered when developing therapeutic strategies for various chronic diseases targeting the gut microbiota. This Research topic aims to fill the knowledge gap about the interactions between xenobiotics and the gut microbiota and their effects on chronic diseases, such as kidney and liver diseases, based on population or animal studies. In particular, this research topic aims to reveal the mechanistic role that gut microbiota plays in certain chronic diseases, which could be either alleviated or exacerbated by xenobiotics through modulation of gut microbiota or the microbial transformation of xenobiotics. The scope of this research topic includes, but is not limited to, the following: • Beneficial and harmful effects of xenobiotics on certain chronic diseases through the modulation of gut microbiota, microbial metabolites, or key metabolic pathways. • Transformation of xenobiotics by the gut microbiota, which further affects the occurrence or progression of certain chronic diseases. Note: Topic editor Dr. Ying Zhang is employed by Biomarin Pharmaceutical Inc., California, United States, and declares no competing interests with regard to the Research Topic Subject.
Artificial Liver
This book introduces the clinical application of artificial liver system (ALS) in hepatic failure. It has been widely used in clinics aiming to provide temporary support of liver function while maintaining extra-hepatic function in patients with liver failure. This work comprehensively summarizes the progress of livers and artificial liver, for example, the principle and implementation of Li-ALS, cell transplantation and the combined application of artificial liver and liver transplantation. It will be helpful for clinicians to implement artificial liver treatment to save the lives of patients with hepatic failure.
Probiotics
Probiotics: A Clinical Guide is one of the first books on the market to present current and evidence-based recommendations for primary care providers and gastroenterologists on the use of probiotics as a way to treat specific diseases and disorders. Why you will want Probiotics: A Clinical Guide: Unique focus on the clinical use of probiotics in a wide variety of diseases Comprehensive review of the science behind probiotics and probiotic products In-depth review of current literature for specific diseases or disorders Recommendations of the use of probiotics is supported by evidence-based clinical trials Each chapter includes a table that outlines the exact probiotic organisms and dosages that are the most efficacious A glance at what is inside Probiotics: A Clinical Guide: Basic Physiology Intestinal microecology; stimulating the immune response, nutrients to nourish the organism, role in fermentation and metabolism, and much more... Use in Clinical Medicine Probiotics in children, adult infectious diarrhea, surgical infections, allergic disease, ulcerative colitis, crohn’s disease, liver disease, and more... Probiotics: A Clinical Guide by Dr. Martin Floch & Dr. Adam Kim is a ground-breaking book that will serve as a valuable reference and clinical guide for gastroenterologists, internists, family practitioners, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants.