International Trends In University Governance
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International Trends in University Governance
Governance is becoming increasingly important in universities just as it is in the wider world of commerce and banking. Historically, universities were run by their academic communities but as mass higher education has taken root, as university research has become a critical element in national economies and as the demand for more accountability both financial and in academic performance has grown, pressure has mounted for a ‘modernisation’ of governance structures. One aspect of ‘modernisation’, particularly important in many European systems, and in Japan, has been the decision by governments to give institutions greater autonomy, more control over their budgets and legal responsibility for the employment of their staff. International trends to introduce greater competition between institutions, to encourage greater institutional differentiation and give greater play to market forces has led to an emphasis on leadership, a more systematic involvement of external stakeholders and a more ‘corporate style of governance. At the same time this has often led to a sense of loss of collegiality, a redistribution of authority and a growing gap between the ‘centre’ and the ‘periphery’ within universities. This book analyses governance change in nine major higher education systems, Australia, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Norway, the UK and the USA, each account being the result of independent research by a leading authority in the field and describes how a convergence of governance structures has been mediated by the historical, cultural, political and social characteristics of the different systems. Michael Shattock is a leading authority on university governance; this study offers the most up to date account of governance reform in a range of higher education systems, an analysis of the common trends and an assessment of their impact on the idea of a university. It will be essential reading for academics, postgraduates and practitioners in higher education.
International Handbook of Higher Education
This book provides a central, authoritative source of reference on the most essential topics of higher education. The International Handbook of Higher Education combines a rich diversity of scholarly perspectives with a wide range of internationally derived descriptions and analyses. Chapters in the first volume cover central themes in the study of higher education, while contributors to the second volume focuses on contemporary higher education issues within specific countries or regions. Together, these volumes provide a centralized, easily accessible, yet scholarly source of information.
Global Trends and Global Governance
Which global issues have the most impact on our lives at the beginning of the 21st century? What's the relationship between developments in politics, ecology, the economy, security, and systems of global government, and how do we as individuals address the problems that they raise in an increasingly globalized world? Global Trends and Global Governance offers answers to these questions. It is a concise and practical guide that explains the key political, economic, ecological and social factors that shape the process of globalization, and the way that they affect the lives of all people around the world. Written in a clear and accessible style, it is an indispensable handbook for activists, civil servants, policy researchers, and anyone interested in getting involved in political action.Covering each of the subject areas chapter by chapter, and drawing on information from UN reports, the book is packed with useful facts and figures that elucidate these complex ideas. It includes analysis of the US economy and US foreign policy as part of a wider critique of UN-unilaterlism, revealing the need to establish more cooperative and inclusive forms of global politics. Public action, such as the organized protests in Seattle and Prague, and the demonstrations at the environment summit at the Hague, are now having an impact on the way that the world is governed. Addressing this changing situation, and the implications that it holds for human security, the contributors analyse ways in which we can evolve new ways of working together to cope with problems of a transnational nature.